A chemical reaction is a process in which various compounds/elements having different characteristics react with each other to form a product with different physical and chemical properties.
In other words, it is a process in which various atoms present in a compound/element, rearrange them to form new substance.
While this reaction takes place, the substances that are combined together (to form new product) are known as Reactants. On the other hand, the substance that is formed as an outcome of reaction between the reactants is known as Products.
There are various types of chemical reactions. Some of them are:
1. Combination Reaction
2. Displacement Reaction
3. Double-Displacement Reaction
4. Decomposition Reaction
5. Neutralization Reaction
Here is a detailed explanation to the above listed types of chemical reactions.
· Combination Reaction
This is a basic reaction in which two or more substances combine to form a new substance as a result. It is commonly known as Synthesis Reaction. In the form of equation, it can be depicted as-
A + B → AB
Example of combination reaction-
2Na (s) + Cl2 (g) → 2NaCl (s)
2Mg (s) + O2 (g) → 2MgO (s)
· Displacement Reaction
This is a reaction in which one element of given compound displaces, or replaces a similar element of another compound. It is commonly known as Single-Displacement Reaction. In the form of equation, it can be depicted as-
A + BC → AC + B
Example of displacement reaction-
Zn (s) + 2HCl (aq) → ZnCl2 (aq) + H2 (g)
· Double-Displacement Reaction
This is a reaction in which positive and a negative ion (present in the given two ionic compounds) changes its position, or gets displaced to form new compounds. In the form of equation, it can be depicted as-
AB + CD → AD + CB
Example of double-displacement reaction-
2KI (aq) + Pb(NO3)2 (aq) → 2KNO3 (aq) + PbI2 (s)
· Decomposition Reaction
This reaction is basically reverse of the combination reaction. In this reaction, a compound breaks down into two or more simple substances. Most decomposition reactions require an input of energy in the form of heat, light, or <hypothesis-highlight>electricity</hypothesis-highlight>. In the form of equation, it can be depicted as-
AB → A + B
Example of decomposition reaction-
2HgO (s) → 2Hg (l) + O2 (g)
· Neutralization Reaction
This is a basic reaction in which an acid and base combine together to form a product that is usually salt or water. In the form of equation, it can be depicted as-
Acid + Base → Salt + Water
Example of neutralization reaction-
HCl + NaOH → H<sub>2</sub>O + NaCl
NOTE:
1. It is very important to balance the reactions.
2. it is important to remember the seven elements that exist in nature as diatomic molecules .
I hope the answer helps you! 😊