A covalent bond is a chemical bond that involves the sharing of electrons pair between atoms. These electron pair are known as shared pairs or bonding pairs,and the stable balance of attractive & repulsive force between atoms, when they share electrons, is known as covalent bonding.

For Many molecules the sharing of electrons allows each atom to attain the equivalent of a full outer shell, corresponding to a stable electronic configuration. In organic chemistry, covalent bonds are much more common than ionic bonds.

Covalent bonding are includes many kinds of interactions, including alfa bonding, metal to metal bonding, agnostic interactions, bend bonds etc.

There are several types of structures for covalent subsidence, including individual molecules, molecular structures, macromolecules structures and giant covalent structures. Individual molecules have strong bonds that hold the atoms together, but there are negligible forced of attraction between molecules. Such covalent substances are usually gases, for example HCL, SO2,CO2, and CH4.