Neurons are the fundamental and structural units of a nervous system. A neuron consists of three parts –
Cell body, axon and dendrites (singular – dendron)
Cell body – it contains the nucleus, golgi apparatus, mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum and other important components of a cell.
Dendrites – from the cell body emerges long branch like extensions. These accept the message or information from other neurons.
Axon – it is a long structure that helps in the conduction of impulse.
Thus neurons conduct impulses from the affected part to the brain and the body reacts according to the result delivered by the brain to the body through the neurons.
This was the structure and function of a typical neuron. I hope this helps.