Astronauts float in space due to a phenomenon known as microgravity. Here’s a simple explanation:

Free Fall: Astronauts and the spacecraft they’re in are in a state of free fall towards Earth. Even though gravity is still acting on them, they are moving forward at such a high speed that they keep missing the Earth. This creates a sensation of weightlessness.

Orbital Motion: When a spacecraft is in orbit, it travels around the Earth at a speed that balances the pull of gravity. As a result, everything inside the spacecraft, including astronauts, experiences the same gravitational pull and falls together, creating the feeling of floating.

Microgravity Environment: The term “microgravity” refers to the very small gravitational forces experienced in space, which makes it seem like there is no gravity at all. This is why astronauts can float freely, perform experiments, and move around with ease inside their spacecraft.

In summary, astronauts float because they are in a continuous state of free fall while orbiting the Earth, creating a weightless environment.