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Activity Discussion Science & Technology Biology question

  • Ishika

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    June 6, 2023 at 11:03 pm
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    Vertebrates are animals that have a backbone or spine inside their bodies. It’s like a bony structure that supports and protects their delicate spinal cord. They tend to have more complex organ systems, like the heart, lungs, and brain. They are known to occupy various habitats, including land, water, and air. They have adapted to survive in diverse environments, such as deserts, forests, oceans, and skies. They generally exhibit internal fertilization, where the male’s sperm fertilizes the female’s eggs inside their bodies. Many vertebrates give birth to live young, but some lay eggs. They represent a relatively recent branch in the tree of life, with the first vertebrates appearing around 500 million years ago.
    Examples of vertebrates are mammals, birds, reptiles, amphibians, and fish.


    Invertebrates are animals that don’t have a backbone or spine. They may have other structures like exoskeletons or soft bodies to provide support and protection. They have simpler organ systems. They can be found in nearly every habitat on Earth, including freshwater, marine ecosystems, underground, and even extreme environments like deep-sea trenches. They utilize a variety of reproductive strategies. Some lay eggs, while others reproduce through internal fertilization or asexual reproduction methods such as budding or fragmentation.
    Examples of invertebrates include insects, spiders, worms, snails, jellyfish, and octopuses.

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