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  • Kirti Panda

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    June 23, 2023 at 12:08 pm
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      The cell is the basic structural and functional unit of life. Without a cell, our existence is not possible. The cell has its own structural identity. Let’s understand the structure of the cell more closely. The cell can be divided into two types:

      1. Prokaryotic cell – the
        cell without a proper nuclear membrane where there is no boundary between
        the nucleus and the cytoplasm.
      2. Eukaryotic cell – The
        cell with a proper nuclear membrane where there is a boundary between the
        nucleus and the cytoplasm.

      Every eukaryotic cell has three major parts namely:

      1. Nucleus

      This is an important part of the cell that contains genetic material in the form of DNA.

      2. Cell membrane or plasma membrane

      It is the outermost protective covering of the cell that protects the cell from external damage. Plants have an extra protective layer called a cell wall that maintains the rigidity of the cell, that is the reason why a plant’s cell has a proper shape.

      3. Cytoplasm

      This is the fluid part of the cell that contains several structural entities called organelles which define a proper function or structure. The organelles are:

      <ul type=”disc”>

    • Endoplasmic reticulum –
      It is an organelle that may have ribosomes associated called rough
      endoplasmic reticulum where protein synthesis takes place and ribosomes
      may not be associated called smooth endoplasmic reticulum where lipid
      synthesis takes place.
    • Golgi Bodies – It is a
      channel-like unit that contains vesicles and it can engulf the synthesized
      proteins and lipids in these vesicles and deliver them to different parts
      of the cell.
    • Lysosomes – These are
      the organelles where unwanted substances are degraded
    • Mitochondria – It forms
      the powerhouse of the cell where ATP synthesis takes place.
    • Chloroplast – It is a
      double membrane organelle found only in plants and helps in providing
      coloration to the plants
    • Vacuoles – These are
      the storage organelle that stores proteins and other substances..

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