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What causes thyroid?
What causes thyroid? Types of thyroid and its cause.
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With the help of a hormone that is produced in the thyroid gland influences almost all of the metabolic processes in the body. Thyroid disease can be a small, harmless goiter (wide-cancer and need treatment, or already have a life-threatening cancer. The most common thyroid problems, which are associated with more abnormal thyroid gland, the contours are of the hormones. Already, the thyroid hormone, which leads to the po, which is a known event, such as hyperthyroidism. Insufficient hormone production leads to hypothyroidism.Even though the consequences can be unpleasant, or negative, and most of the thyroid problem can be dealt with better if properly diagnosed and treated.
All types of hyperthyroidism is caused by an overproduction of thyroid hormones, but this condition can manifest itself in several ways, including:
Graves ‘ disease: a to Produce a very large amount of thyroid hormone.
Toxic adenomas: the development of Nodules in the thyroid gland and begin to secrete thyroid hormones and interfere with the body’s chemical balance, and are a few of the goitre may be a number of screens.
Subacute thyroiditis: Inflammation of the thyroid gland, which leads to a” leak ” of the hormones already present, resulting in temporary hyperthyroidism, which usually lasts for several weeks, but may last for several months of the year.
The pituitary gland, diseases, or cancer, tumors of the thyroid gland: Although rare, hyperthyroidism can also develop on the basis of these factors.
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Thyroid is an endocrine gland, mesodermal in origin, present behind the neck. It is brownish in colour and consists of two lobes, both joined by a thyroid isthmus. Each lobe consists of numerous follicles. It makes and stores hormones that regulates the heart rate, blood pressure, body temperature and the rate at which food is converted into energy. Thyroid hormones are essential for the function of every cell in the body.
HORMONES produced by the thyroid gland –
· T<sub>4 </sub>– known as tetra iodothyroxine
· T<sub>3 </sub>– known as triiodothyroxine
Together the T<sub>3 </sub>and T<sub>4 </sub>are known as thyroxine hormone. These are iodinated derivatives of the amino acid, tyrosine. These are secreted by the follicles of the gland.
FUNCTIONS –
· It controls the basal metabolic rate (BMR) of the body.
· It also controls the physical, sexual and mental growth of the body
· Contributes in the kidney mechanism and formation of urine
· Checks over the maintenance of water – electrolyte balance of the body
· Helps in maintaining a normal body temperature
DISORDERS –
An increase in the levels of thyroxine causes hyperthyroidism whereas a decrease in the levels causes hypothyroidism. Here are a few examples –
1. Cretinism –
· It is a condition occurring in children when the levels of thyroxine reduces before puberty, i.e., it is a condition due to hypothyroidism in kids.
· The child remains dwarf
· Reduced mental development
· Reduced metabolism
· The child shows a Pot belly, dry skin, thick protruding tongue
2. Myxedema (also known as Gull’s Disease) –
· It is a condition encountered by adults due to hypothyroidism
· Oedema / edema, i.e., accumulation of interstitial fluid.
· It causes swelling in the face and the person looks fluffy
· It is marked by low metabolic rate, lethargy, loss of hair, slow heart beat and low body temperature
3. Goitre –
It is caused due to deficiency of iodine. The thyroid gland appears enlarged. It can also be accompanied by cretinism or myxedema.
4. Exophthalmic goitre (also known as Grave’s disease)
· It is a condition caused by hyperthyroidism
· The eye balls appears bulging and it is marked by weight loss, increased BMR and high body temperatures.
This was a summary of thyroid – the gland, its hormones and the deficiency diseases. I hope this helps.
