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Activity Discussion History What was the rowlatt act?

  • Nehal

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    May 27, 2021 at 11:23 pm
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    Sumer, the site of the oldest known civilization, situated in the southernmost piece of Mesopotamia, between the Tigris and Euphrates river, in the space that later became Babylonia and is presently southern Iraq, from around Baghdad to the Persian Gulf.

    Sumer was first settled somewhere in the range of 4500 and 4000 BCE by non-Semitic individuals who didn’t communicate in the Sumerian language. These individuals presently are called proto-Euphrateans or Ubaidians, for the town Al-Ê¿Ubayd, where their remaining parts were first found. The Ubaidians were the first socializing power in Sumer, depleting the swamps for agribusiness, creating an exchange, and setting up ventures, including weaving, leatherwork, metalwork, stonework, and ceramics. After the Ubaidian movement to Mesopotamia, different Semitic people groups invaded their region, adding their societies to the Ubaidian culture and making a high pre-Sumerian civilization.

    Individuals called Sumerians, whose language turned into the predominant language of the domain, likely came from around Anatolia, showing up in Sumer around 3300 BCE. By the third thousand years BCE, the nation was the site of at any rate 12 separate city-states: Kish, Erech (Uruk), Ur, Sippar, Akshak, Larak, Nippur, Adab, Umma, Lagash, Bad-tibia, and Larsa. Every one of these states contained a walled city and its encompassing towns and land, and each revered its own god, whose sanctuary was the focal design of the city. The political force initially had a place with the residents, at the same time, as contention between the different city-states expanded, each embraced the foundation of authority. A surviving archive, The Sumerian King List, records that eight lords ruled before the incomparable Flood.

    After the Flood, different city-states and their lines of lords briefly acquired control over the others. The principal lord to join the different city-states was Etana, leader of Kish (2800 BCE). From that point, Kish, Erech, Ur, and Lagash competed for power for many years, delivering Sumer defenseless against outside champions, first, the Elamites (2530–2450 BCE) and later the Akkadians, driven by their ruler Sargon (ruled 2334–2279 BCE). Despite the fact that Sargon’s line kept going for just around 100 years, it joined the city-states and made a model of government that affected all of Middle Eastern civilization.

  • Aruja

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    May 28, 2021 at 2:03 pm
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    The Government of India Act 1919 disappointed the Indians. There were protest all over the india. The British try to control the situation by passing the Rowlatt Act 1919. This act authorised the British government to impression any person without trial of conviction in the court of law. It was branded by the name of black act. Gandhiji launched an anti Rowlatt Satyagraha. He gave messages to Indians that 6 April 1919 was to be observed as a day of ( hartal ) strike fasting and prayer. The Act was widely criticized. the Rowlatt Act was the first all Indian Satyagraha.

    Many Indian leaders were arrested under this act and because of this the Indians were extremely angry on the British government. The worst effect of this Satyagrah was the Jallianwala Bagh massacre. Hartal took place all over the country. Indians opposing the Rowlatt Act. On 6 April 1919 Gandhiji was arrested. This was followed by the arrest of doctor Saifuddin kitchlew and Dr Satya pal in Punjab. On 13 April 1919 a peaceful public meeting was going on in Jallianwala Bagh in Amritsar to protest against the arrest of doctor kitchlew and doctor Satyapal. General Dyer was the military commander of Amritsar. He wanted to teach a lesson to Punjab. With his well armed Army Soldiers, he surrounded the Jallianwala Bagh and blocked its only exit. By the act the crowd was trapped in the ground. Finnaly, General Dyer ordered his soldier to shoot the people with machines gun and rifels. Soldiers without any warning, opened fire on the helpless men, women and children gathered there. More than 8000 died and many more were injured. This incident created shock and horror among the people. They protested violently. The British reacted brutally torturing and arresting people and leaders. All leaders condemned the Massacre. Rabindranath Tagore reacted by Reannouncing his knighthood. The government banned newspaper and depressed the freedom of the Indian. These violent measures by the British government however strengthen the determination of the Indians for freedom. On 15 April the Martial Law was proclaimed in Punjab.

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