-
Why do organisms reproduce?
Why do organisms reproduce?
-
3 Replies
-
Reproduction is the process of continuation of species. It is the process by which new organisms are formed.
It is necessary because of the following reasons-
1. for the continuation of species
2. For the formations of new organisms
3. For the continuation of the life on earth
4. To maintain the life chain
5. To pass on the genes
Organisms can reproduce by two ways-
1. Asexual
2. Sexual
ASEXUAL REPRODUCTION- In this process only a single parent is involved and no gamete formation takes place.
For example- Amoeba, Yeast , Hydra etc.
There are different types of Asexual Reproduction and they are-
1. Budding
2. Fission
3. Vegetative Propagation
4. Regeneration
5. Spore formation
SEXUAL REPRODUCTION- In this process two parents are involved and gamete formation takes place.
For example- Humans, Animals
Reproductive organs of the organisms are required for this type of reproduction.
-
Reproduction is a process of producing young ones of the same kind by the organisms. Every organism whether it is unicellular or multicellular reproduce to produce new organisms. Reproduction is a very important process according to the point of view of genetics as well as ecology. If we assume that a particular species stops reproducing, in some time or may be in some years we will not be able to see the organism of this species which causes a severe loss in gene pool of the organisms. Every gene tends to maintain itself and reproduction is a means for this. This sudden disappearance of any particular organism will certainly effect the dynamics of the ecosystem and ultimately will cause imbalance in environment, it will disturb the food chains and the energy flow in the ecosystem. Many lower organisms reproduce to produce a large number of offsprings because if by chance many of them die in nature few can still survive, hence providing survival advantage to the species. Reproduction is the process which is very much responsible for the creation of variations and helps in the process of evolution. Though reproduction is a complex process for any organisms then also an individual spend a huge amount of its energy and lifespan in this process to maintain its species in nature for a longer time by providing it a survival advantage over other organisms.
-
Reproduction is a process through which organisms gives rise to there young ones which are same as there single parent or have mixed characteristics of there parents. Reproduction helps to maintain the continuity of a particular species.
There are two ways in which organisms can reproduce offsprings:-
1. Asexual reproduction- This is the process by which offsprings are produced without the fusion or production of gametes. Asexual reproduction takes place where there is only one parent. The offsprings are identically same as there parent and are called clones. Asexual reproduction is a simple and fast process.
Eg- spore formation, parthenogenesis, vegetative propagation, fragmentation etc.
2. Sexual reproduction- This is the process by which the male gamete which is the sperm and the female gamete which the ovary fuse together to produce the offspring. The offspring contains characteristics of both the parents hence are not exactly same as there parents. Sexual reproduction is a complex and slow process. Thorugh sexual reproduction there is genetic variation in the offspring.
A disease cannot effect the whole species.
Eg- in human beings,dogs etc.
The organisms which can produce 2 distinct type of gametes are called anisogamous which contain the male gametes sperm and female gamete ovary. Eg- plasmodium, vertebrates.
The organisms in which the gametes are identical are called isogamous species. Eg- chlamydomonas, algae etc
There are many organisms that can reproduce sexually as well as asexually like hydra, jellyfish, yeast and many more depending on the conditions they are in.
In human there are germ cells called sperm and ova respectively for male and female. While intercourse the sperm reaches the ovum and fertilises it to form the embryo which later forms zygote. And as the time passes by the zygote grows to form an individual baby.
There are lab based methods through which couple can conceieve who are not able to conceive naturally. Ex- IVF.
