How do volcanoes erupt?
Volcanoes Erupt
Volcanoes are nature’s craft to expel the underlying extremely hot lava through a series of processes. We can classify the volcanoes generally into two types. 1 . Erupt volcano 2. Live volcano. Erupt volcanoes are those volcanoes that have already undergone erections in the past and are usually considered as dead and not likely to erupt in the known future. Live volcanoes are those volcanoes that still have necessary firepower within their chambers. But scientists categorize volcanoes into 4 categories. Cinder cones, composite volcanoes shield volcanoes and lava domes. Deep within the Earth, it is so hot that some rocks slowly melt and become a thick flowing substance called magma. Since it is lighter than the solid rock around it, magma rises and collects in magma chambers. Eventually, some of the magma pushes through vents and fissures to the Earth’s surface. The erupted lava is so hot that it can convert even steel into a liquefied form.
– Written By Edutuber mallu
A volcano is an opening or rupture in the earth’s crust through which lava, volcanic ash, and gases escape out of the earth’s crust. Beneath a volcano, liquid magma containing dissolved gases rises through cracks in the Earth’s crust. As the magma rises, pressure decreases, allowing the gases to form bubbles.
Volcanic activities have a profound influence on the Earth’s landforms. Solid, liquid, or gaseous material may find its way to the surface from some deep-seated Reservoir beneath. Molten magma is mobile rock that forces its way into the plains of weakness of the crust to escape quietly or exclusively to the surface.
The ancient Greeks believed that volcanic eruptions occurred when Vulcan, the God of the Underworld, stroked his subterranean furnace beneath the volcano, an island in Sicily from where the present word volcano is derived.
Geologists and volcanologists have confirmed that volcanic activity is closely connected with the Crustal disturbances, particularly where there are zones of weakness due to the deep faulting or mountain folding.
As the depth of the earth increases, the temperature also increases. The interior of the earth is in a semi-molten state, comprising of solid liquid and gases materials which are very hot and are collectively called magma.
Magma is very hot and heavily charged with gases such as carbon dioxide, nitrogen, etc. The gas and vapour increase the mobility and explosiveness of the magma, which causes the volcanic eruption. These materials are then admitted to the vent of a volcano during the eruption.
Volcanoes are located in a clearly defined pattern around the World and are closely related to the regions that have been intensively folded or faulted. Therefore, folding or faulting of region is one of the main reasons that cause the eruption of a volcano.
Examples of active volcanoes which erupted in recent years are Mount Pelee, Mount Krakatau, etc.
Different types of volcanoes produce different types of lava. Some have acid lava, while others have basic lava. This composition of lava determines the amount of damage the volcanic eruption will produce.
Acid lavas are highly viscous and cause less damage, whereas basic lavas are the hottest and highly fluid and cause widespread damage to life and property.
– Written By Soniya Sanyal
