What are volcanoes? How are they formed?
Volcanoes And How Do They Form
Volcanoes or volcanic eruptions are nothing but sudden openings of the crusts of any planet or celestial body and bursting/venting out of hot molten lava directly from the deep core. The occurrence of volcanoes is often calculated, but mostly are sudden. The disaster causes a violent release of inside matter that is stored in the core. Molten lava or magma includes rocks, hot gases, vapors, and burning heat. The release is hot and spreads quickly enough. The eruption doesn’t need to take place from the top peak. The process can take place through all the surfaces of the particular peak. The settlement of this molten lava over time makes it more stable. Hence, volcanic mountains are formed.
Volcanoes can be one of the deadliest natural disasters that can damage thousands and lakhs of lives and their habitats.
FORMATION:
The presence of tectonic plates is known to all. Tectonic plates are floating plates or pieces that constitute the earth’s crust. These plates are in slow, continuous motion. Due to the movement, sometimes they get pushed harder. Thus, the mantle, ie, the layer beneath, is often pushed in turn. A disturbance is encountered hence. The disturbance, in turn, creates the pressure difference. This pressure difference results in melting down and venting out the hot mantle directly from the core. Thus initiating a volcanic eruption.
Not only the pushing and colliding, but the separation of two tectonic plates can also result in creating some additional openings in the earth’s crusts. Naturally, when a gap is encountered, the layer inside and in between tends to rise. Thus, the molten rocks and magma erupt, resulting in volcanic eruptions.
Last but not least, apart from these actions of the tectonic plates, there are other ways volcanoes can occur: the hotspot in the mantle. Hotspot regions are those where volcanic eruptions can occur irrespective of the movements of tectonic plates. These are super hot areas that are always in the position to make an eruption.
– Written By GODHULI MONDAL
