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What do you mean by digestive system? How does the system works?
What do you mean by digestive system? How does the system works?
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This discussion was modified 2 years, 11 months ago by
Kidpid.
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This discussion was modified 2 years, 11 months ago by
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2 Replies
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We eat various types of food which has to pass through the digestive system. So that the body can use it properly and the waste product get excreted from the body. Our body cannot take required minerals, vitamins, etc substances directly from the complex form of food that we take so first of all we need to digested the complex form of food in the simplest form of food that is the function of a digestive system. Once the food is completely digested a body utilise that food to produce energy so that we can perform our day to day activities. The waste material that is produced after the whole process is done need to get excreted from the body. That is a whole different process and if the waste material does not get excreted from the body we are obviously going for seriously ill.
Let’s discuss the process.
Manually the food has to be processed to generate particles which are small and at the same texture this is achieved by crushing the food with our teeth. When we eat something we like our mouth waters. This is actually not only water but a fluid called saliva secreted by the salivary glands. This saliva makes that small texture of food grinded by a teeth smooth as the learning of two candle is soft so that it can move smoothly through the canales. The Saliva contains an enzyme called salivary amylase that breaks down start which is a complex molecules to give sugar the food is mixed thoroughly with saliva and moved around the mouth while chewing by the muscular tongue. From the mouth the food is taken to the stomach through the food pipe or oesophagus. The stomach is a large organ which expands when food enters it. The muscular walls of the stomach helps in mixing the food for early with more digestive juices. These digestion functions are taken care of by the gastric glands present in the Wall of the stomach. These release hydrochloric acid as a protein digestion enzyme called pepsin and mucus. Hydrochloric acid creates an acidic medium to break down the fore into the more simplest form where the mucus helps the walls of stomach to protect it from the effect of hydrochloric acid. The exit of food from the stomach is regulated by a sprinkle muscle which releases in and small amount into the small intestine from the stomach, the food now enters the small intestine. This is a longest part of alimentary canal which is fitted into a compact space because of extensive coiling. The length of the small intestine differ in various animals depending on the food they eat. The small intestine is the site of the complete digestion of carbohydrates protein and fat is received the secretion of the liver and pancreas for the purpose the food coming from the stomach is acidic and has to be made alkaline for the pancreatic enzymes to act bile juice from the liver accomplishes this in addition to acting on fats. Fats are present in the intestine in the form of large globules which makes it difficult for enzyme to act on it. Bile salts break them down into smaller globules increasing the efficiency of enzyme action. This is similar to the emulsification action. The pancreas secretes pancreatic juices which contains enzymes and trypsin for digestion proteins and lip stain for breaking down emulsified fats. The wall of the small intestine contained gland which secretes intestine induces the enzyme present in it finally convert the protein into amino acid, complex carbohydrates into glucose and fats and fatty acid and glycerol. The digested food is taken up by the walls of the intestine the inner lining of the small intestine and numerous figure like projection called villi. Which increase the surface area for absorption. The villi are richly supplied with blood vessels which take absorb food to eat and every cell of the body with where it is utilised for obtaining energy building up new tissues and repairing old tissue.
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Digestion is a very important process for the proper functioning of our body. Through the process of digestion the nutrients and water is absorbed from the food and used up in the body which gives energy to the body to perform work. Even the working of organs in our body needs energy.The process through which the food enters our body and is then passed through various organs in order to get digested is governed by the digestive system. It comprises of various glands and organs such as salivary glands, mouth, esophagus, stomach, liver, gallbladder, pancreas, small intestine, large intestine, rectum and anus.
Initially food enters our body from the mouth, the fluid secreted by the salivary gland moistens the food and the teeth churns it. The churned food with the saliva then goes into the food pipe called the esophagu sand through food pipe it reaches the stomach. In stomach it stays for 5-6 hours where the food is mixed and grinded and with the help of certain enzymes and acids the food breaks down and becomes of a paste consistency.
Then the food enters the small intestine where the process of breaking down of food continues with the help of the secreation of pancreas that is pancreatic juice and liver is bile. Here, the nutrients and broken down into its simplest form such as proteins are broken into amino acids, fats into fatty acids and then are absorbed.
Then the semi liquid paste enters the large intestine where the water and electrolytes are absorbed from the digested food.
Then the left over waste collected in the rectum and excreted through the anus and is eliminated out.
For the process of digestion to take place smoothly as it helps the smoothen the movement of food in the system and cleanses the digestive system. By taking the right amout of water constipation does not takes place.
