Animal Reproduction And Its Types
Define reproduction in animals. What are the two modes of reproduction?
Animal Reproduction And Its Types
Reproduction in animals is the biological process in which their parents give birth to a new individual called an offspring. Not only in animals, but plants also undergo this process to produce offspring. Every organism, be it plant or animals are the results of reproduction. There are two modes of reproduction in plants and animals, and they are known as:
1. Sexual Reproduction: The most common mode of reproduction in animals is Sexual Reproduction. In this process, both males and females play significant roles. Most animals reproduce sexually in which the male sperm unites with the female egg to make a zygote, which shares its DNA with the cells of both the parents. Certain invertebrates reproduce with the process called self-reproduction in which they fertilize the egg with their sperm. Humans and many animals reproduce sexually by the fusion of sperm with the ovum to form a zygote, and this process is called fertilization.
2. Asexual Reproduction: It is the mode of reproduction in which only one parent is involved in producing offspring. It produces genetically identical offspring. The different modes of asexual reproduction in animals are gemmules, fragmentation, regeneration, and arthenogenesis. It helps animals to continue their species.
– Written By Aashutosh
Reproduction is a process through which organisms give rise to their young ones, which are the same as their single parent or have mixed characteristics of there parents. Reproduction helps to maintain the continuity of a particular species.
There are two ways in which organisms can reproduce:-
1. Asexual reproduction- This is the process by which offsprings are produced without the fusion or production of gametes. Asexual reproduction takes place when there is only one parent. The offspring are identical to their parent and are called clones. Asexual reproduction is a simple and fast process.
Eg, spore formation, parthenogenesis, vegetative propagation, fragmentation, etc.
2. Sexual reproduction- This is the process by which the male gamete, which is the sper,m and the female game,e which the ovary fuse to produce the offspring. The offspring contains characteristics of both the parents and hence are not the same as their parents. Sexual reproduction is a complex and slow process. Through sexual reproduction, there is genetic variation in the offspring.
A disease cannot affect the whole species.
Eg- in human beings, dogs etc.
The organisms that can produce 2 distinct types of gametes are called anisogamous, which contain the male gamete, sperm, and female gamete, ovary. E.g., plasmodium, vertebrates.
The organisms in which the gametes are identical are called isogamous species. E.g.- chlamydomonas, algae, etc
Many organisms can reproduce sexually as well as asexually, like hydras, jellyfish, yeast, and many more, depending on the conditions they are in.
In humans, there are germ cells called sperm and ov, respectively, for male and female. During intercourse, the sperm reaches the ovum and fertilises it to form the embryo,o which later forms a zygote. As time passes by, the zygote grows to form an individual baby.
There are lab-based methods for a couple who are not able to conceive naturally. Ex- IVF.
– Written By Kumari
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