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Weather and Climate
What is climate?
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Climate refers to the long-term, average weather conditions in a particular geographic region. Some key aspects of climate include:
Temperature – The average, maximum, and minimum temperatures in a region over an extended period of time, typically 30 years or more.
Precipitation – The average amount, frequency, and type of precipitation (rain, snow, etc.) in a region.
Wind patterns – The typical wind speed, direction, and variability in a location.
Humidity – The average moisture content in the air.
Sunshine/cloudiness – The average amount of sunlight and cloud cover in a region.
Climate is different from weather, which refers to the day-to-day conditions of the atmosphere. Climate represents the average, consistent pattern of weather over a long period of time in a particular area.
Factors that influence a region’s climate include its latitude, elevation, proximity to large bodies of water, and major wind and ocean currents. Climate can vary dramatically based on these geographic features, leading to diverse climates around the world, from tropical to polar, and arid to humid.
Understanding and analyzing climate is important for agriculture, water resource management, urban planning, and assessing the potential impacts of long-term climate change.
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