[Jacquelyn Akepogu]

The human body contains several glands that generate numerous secretions such as sweat, saliva, oil, and hormones. These glands may be roughly divided into two groups anatomically depending on whether ducts are present or not. Exocrine glands emit hormones through ducts, whereas endocrine glands release hormones directly.

For further understanding, we will distinguish them based on:

1. Ducts:

Ducts are present in Exocrine glands and absent in Endocrine glands.

2. Secretory products:

Hormones are secreted by endocrine glands.

Sweat, enzymes, mucus and sebum are secreted by exocrine glands.

3. Route of secretion:

Hormones released by the endocrine glands are directly secreted into the blood stream that ultimately reaches the target organ.

The exocrine glands release their products through ducts to an internal organ or to an external surface.

4. Examples

Endocrine glands: Adrenal glands, pituitary glands, thyroid glands and parathyroid glands.

Exocrine glands: Oesophageal glands, Brunner’s glands, salivary glands and liver.

https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/articles/21201-endocrine-system

https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/body/22947-exocrine-glands

[Jacquelyn Akepogu]

Kerosene is blue because a blue dye which is called Solvent Blue 35, is added to it to help distinguish it from other fuels like petrol and to make it easier to identify. This is a safety precaution to avoid unintentionally using the incorrect fuel. The blue colour also aids in identifying whether the kerosene has been tainted or contains water, both of which can impair its efficiency.

Oil companies use rail to transport over 98% of kerosene from refineries to depots in ‘neat’ condition, or without colour. Pipelines are used to move the residual fuel. To indicate the plain kerosene as a discounted product, which costs less than half as much on the free market, a blue dye is applied at depots.

In Australia in the 1950s, kerosene had no colour. People, typically youngsters, frequently died after drinking it from bottles thinking it was lemonade, water, or another colourless beverage. Blue was chosen since it least resembled bottled drinks because they were brown, red, green, yellow, etc. Later, a bottle with a unique form was developed. Deaths from kerosene use are now essentially unheard of. Kerosene may have a distinct colour in other nations (red/blue) due to different tax laws and government subsidies. Kerosene is not subsidised in Australia; you must pay the entire amount, including taxes.

[Jacquelyn Akepogu]

The body is protected from infection by the immune system, which is a complex network of organs, cells, and proteins. The immune system of the body includes white blood cells. They support the body’s defences against illness and infection. Granulocytes (neutrophils, eosinophils, and basophils), monocytes, and lymphocytes (T cells and B cells) are different types of white blood cells.

They guard us from illness and disease. Think of white blood cells as your body’s defence mechanisms. They are, in a sense, always at war. They circulate through your circulation in order to fight off bacteria, viruses, and other harmful foreign invaders.

Blood typically contains 4,500 to 11,000 WBCs per microliter (4.5 to 11.0 109/L), or WBCs.