Explain the different parts of the digestive system
Parts Of The Digestive System
The digestive system helps in the digestion and absorption of food that we eat. It starts from mouth and ends at anus.
The process of digestion begins in the mouth itself. The human mouth, rather the buccal cavity, consists of salivary glands that secrete salivary amylase – an enzyme that digests starch. Thus, the food we chew/masticate starts to get digested in the mouth. Almost 30% of the starch gets digested in the mouth.
The food, now known as the bolus, moves to the stomach through a long muscular tube-like structure called the oesophagus. The oesophagus does not secrete any enzymes. It simply acts as the passage for the movement of food/bolus. The bolus moves through the oesophagus by peristalsis.
It reaches the stomach. The stomach is guarded by the cardiac spinchter. The food is acted upon by various enzymes. The stomach consists of 3 parts – the upper cardiac region, the middle fundus region and the last pyloric region. This food is still semi-digested and in a semi-liquid state. The food, now known as chyme, moves from the pyloric part of the stomach to the small intestine.
The small intestine is made of 3 parts- duodenum, jejunum and ileum. The walls of the small intestine consist of microvilli that help in the absorption of the food. The small intestine secretes several enzymes known as ‘succus entericus’. The enzymes released first digest the chyme, and then the nutrients are absorbed. The large intestine does not participate in digestion. It absorbs water and minerals and prepares the wastes that are passed out from the body as feces.
Other parts of the digestive system include-
The gall bladder forms bile that helps in the emulsification of fats, leading to their absorption.
Pancreas – It secretes most of the enzymes that help in digestion.
The food gets digested and absorbed through a complex mechanism. Each nutrient gets broken into its simplest forms and then is absorbed. For example, the carbohydrates get broken into starch and then into its monomers, which are glucose units. The entire process is a complex mechanism.
– Written By Manpreet
Digestion is a very important process for the proper functioning of our body. Through the process of digestion, the nutrients and water are absorbed from the food and used up in the body, which gives energy to the body to perform work. Even the working of organs in our body needs energy. The process through which the food enters our body and is then passed through various organs to get digested is governed by the digestive system. It comprises of various glands and organs such as salivary glands, mouth, esophagus, stomach, liver, gallbladder, pancreas, small intestine, large intestine, rectum and anus.
Initially, food enters our body from the mouth, the fluid secreted by the salivary gland moistens the food, and the teeth chew it. The chewed food with the saliva then goes into the food pipe called the esophagus, and through the food pipe, it reaches the stomach. In the stomach,h it stays for 5-6 hours, where the food is mixed and ground, and with the help of certain enzymes and acids, the food breaks down and becomes of a paste consistency.
Then the food enters the small intestine where the process of breaking down of food continues with the help of the secretion of pancreas that is pancreatic juice and liver is bile. Here, the nutrients are broken down into their simplest form such as proteins are broken into amino acids, fats into fatty acids and then are absorbed.
Then the semi-liquid paste enters the large intestine, where the water and electrolytes are absorbed from the digested food.
Then the left over waste collected in the rectum and excreted through the anus and is eliminated out.
The process of digestion takes place smoothly as it helps smoothen the movement of food in the system and cleanses the digestive system. The right amount of water is consumed.
– Written By Kumari
Human nutrition is accomplished by the foods we consume. Digestion is a critical step for our bodies to operate properly. Water and nutrients from meals are absorbed and then used up in the body during digestion, providing the body with energy to accomplish tasks. Even the functioning of our body’s organs necessitates the use of energy. The digestive system is in charge of the process by which food enters our bodies and then passes through numerous organs to be digested. Salivary glands, mouth, oesophagus, stomach, liver, gallbladder, pancreas, small intestine, large intestine, rectum, and anus are among the organs and glands that make up the digestive system. The initial component enters our mouth and is mixed with saliva, after which it is cured with the aid of teeth and passed into the food canal or oesophagus. The food is then delivered into the stomach, where it is digested. The food then passes through the small intestine. Carbohydrates, proteins, and lipids are completely digested with the help of secretions from the liver and pancreas. Food is used to obtain energy, build nutritious tissues, and repair all tissues. The food is then sent to the large intestine to absorb water, and the waste is excreted through the anus.
– Written By Soniya Sanyal
Human nutrition is accomplished by the foods we consume. Digestion is a critical step for our bodies to operate properly. We humans digest our food with the help of a specialized digestive system. Water and nutrients from meals are absorbed and then used up in the body during digestion, providing the body with energy to accomplish tasks. Even the functioning of our body’s organs necessitates the use of energy. The digestive system is in charge of the process by which food enters our bodies and then passes through numerous organs to be digested. Salivary glands, mouth, oesophagus, stomach, liver, gallbladder, pancreas, small intestine, large intestine, rectum, and anus are among the organs and glands that make up the digestive system. The initial component of food that we eat enters our mouth and is mixed with saliva, after which it is chewed with the aid of teeth and passed into the food canal or oesophagus, which helps in the transportation of the food to the stomach. The food is then delivered into the stomach, where it is digested with the help of various digestive juices secreted by the pancreas, liver, etc. The food then passes through the small intestine. Carbohydrates, proteins, and lipids are completely digested with the help of secretions from the liver and pancreas. Food is used to obtain energy, build nutritious tissues, and repair all tissues. The food is then sent to the large intestine to absorb the remaining water and minerals, and the waste is excreted through the anus.
– Written By Soniya Sanyal
