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Acid rain is caused due to the uncontrolled human intervention on the clean and hygienic atmospheric condition maintained by the earth. Major components of acid rain is sulphuric acid , nitric acid along with dust particles and normal rain water. When sulphur dioxides and nitrogen oxides are released into the atmosphere ,it results in acid rain.
How do it cause acid rain?
The released sulphur dioxides and nitrogen oxides are transported by wind and air currents which subsequently leads to the reaction with oxygen , water and other chemicals in the atmosphere. This reaction causes the formation of sulphuric acids and other acidic substances which create the bad effects of acid rain.
Normally, rain water is acidic pH(due to the formation of carbonic acid) but not lower than 5.7. Acid rain causes the pH to fall below that . This lower pH level indicates the presence of high acidic particles in the rain.
Harmful effects of acid rain
1. Causes asthma and other lung diseases
2. Aquatic life is disturbed.
3.Metallic substances become rusted rapidly.
How to prevent acid rain
1. Convert from fossil fuels to other renewable sources like hydroelectric and solar power systems.
2. Regularly check and maintain a healthy exhaust system in fossil fueled vehicles.
3. Reduce the emission from power plants.
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The question can be evaluated through different perspectives. For some people it is not a problem for minors to take part in a global social media platform like facebook . But for the other fraction it is better to provide social media to minors also. From the viewpoint of the former fraction, children under age eighteen do need to take part in the society. They have to be aware of what happens around the world and people are reacting to that. Social medias like facebook do help in some crisis situations also. In case of a blood emergency , facebook can help finding a donor. From the view point of the latter half, it is not good for minors to have an account in highly engaged social medias like facebook. They might come forward with the reasons of political biasing, child bullying and even trafficking . Political biasing occurs when children who cannot take their own decisions involve in political peer groups . They may believe in false conspiracy and take part in the wrong fate of their life. Some criminal minded people may use the inexperienced childrens account for wrong purposes. They may blackmail or threaten minors for their use. Sharing location may leads to human trafficking , but chances are very low. It is good to reduce use for minors.
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French revolution created a global impact on every aspect of society. Liberté, Egalité, Fraternité , otherwise famous as Liberty, equality, fraternity is the slogan of that great revolution which stirred a different perspective in every nook and corner of the globe.
THE MAJOR PHASES OF FRENCH REVOLUTION
1.Moderate phase
2.Radical phase
3.Conservative phase
4.Napoleonic phase
Apart from these phases, the major significance of the revolution lies on the three estates
1.Clergy (first estate)
2.Nobility(Second estate)
3.Commoners(Third estate)
Estates-General, also called States General,in France of the pre-Revolution monarchy, the representative assembly of the three estates.The first estate were known as clergy , they were the leaders of the church. They were exempted from every type of taxations.They were responsible for the moral welfare of the nation. They enjoyed lavish life and lead luxurious lifestyle. The second estate belongs to nobility.They paid very little amount of tax and they were also leading a pompous life in the middle of wealth and prestige.There was reservation and priority for them to get high paid jobs . The third estate belongs to commoners .They had to suffer heavy taxations.Approximately ,98 percent of the population belongs to this category. They had to shoulder burdens of the other two estates.They neither had any political nor economic influence on the Government . The frustrations, grievances and sufferings of the Third Estate became pivotal causes of the French Revolution.
According to some sources press was another estate during the French revolution which is considered as the fourth estate.
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Approximately 71 percentage of the earth is covered with oceans. Oceans are house for more than billions of organisms. Many organisms are yet to be discovered. Oceans provide livelihood to many families and is a major source of food supply.
A prominent question arises when we discuss about number of oceans . To be precise there is only one ocean and it is Global ocean . But when we consider ocean basins we can divide the global ocean to 5 categories.
1. Pacific ocean
2. Atlantic ocean
3. Indian ocean
4. Arctic ocean
5. *Southern ocean
Among these Pacific ocean is the largest ocean basin. Titanic tragedy occured at Atlantic ocean . Indian ocean is the only ocean with the name of a country. Artic ocean is situated near the poles which causes the accumulation of icebergs. On a whole , ocean is the major part of our world.
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Bongiwe, that’s a great question!
Sun is the largest celestial body in our solar system. But it is not the biggest star in our galaxy . There are giants outside our solar system which are larger than sun. So we all have seen sun burning bright throughout the day. We even receive a sunburn if we stay under scorching sunlight for some time. So it is true that Sun is burning and it is too hot at its surface. But we also know that in the space there is only little to no oxygen left . We cannot even breath without oxygen tanks at there. Then how do Sun burn so bright without oxygen? To answer this lets go back to 4.6 billion years ago. A huge gravitational collapse happened. Dust and other particles are scattered at the space . Some of these dust particles get squeezed together so tightly to form baby Sun. Inside the Sun these particles which include mainly Hydrogen atoms began trying to move. So the Sun found a solution. He began to fuse two Hydrogen atoms together to form a Helium atom ( a little bit family planning 😉 ). This process is termed as NUCLEAR FUSION. Fusion means mixing of more than one item. Here, 2 Hydrogen is combined together to form a Helium. Throughout this process, a large amount of energy is released . It is released in the form of heat and light. This energy is received by other celestial planets including our earth in the form of sunlight and heat. So sun is not combusting, it is fusing Hydrogen atoms together.
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Jalianwala bagh incident , otherwise known as Jalianwalabagh massacre was one of the biggest black marks which happened to British India. The incident happened at Jalianwalabagh in Amritsar , Punjab . India was under British colonialism while this incident happened . British imposed detention of political prisoners without trial for two years through an act called rowlatt act. This created a wave of protest from different parts of the nation. Two major leaders, Satyapal and Saifuddeen Kitchlu were arrested and was moved to a secret place. This instigated mass protests across Punjab. The people who gathered for baisali ( a festival in India) celebrations and protests moved to JalianwalaBagh. Jalian wala Bagh was an open ground so about 25000 people gathered there. During this time a military general, General Dyer with his military troops entered the area and ordered to start firing. The unarmed people began to run for their lives. About 1000 people died at the incident due to the struggle for escape and bullets fired. This incident led to a permanent scar in Indo British relations and struggle for freedom intensified . Following the inhumane incident, strikes ,violence and attacks on Government offices took place in many places. Later, Gen.Dyer was shot dead by a nationalist named Udham Singh.
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Colour blindness is a condition in which we cannot recognise between some shades of colours. Different types of colour deficiency, which can be categorised into mainly three categories
1. Red – green colour blindness
2. Blue – yellow colour blindness
3. Very rare complete colour blindness
The most common colour blindness is red green colour blindness, which involves the deficiency to identify between the Shades Of Red and Green colours. Blue yellow colour blindness causes inability to differentiate between blue and yellow colours along with Red and Green. Scientifically known as monochromacy, complete colour blindness is very rare. It leaves visual acuity mostly blind.
Colour blindness is caused due to defect in genetic setup maintaining the function of cone cells which helps in identifying colours.
In short colour blindness cannot be cured. But it can be reduced using specially engineered spectacles which alter colours.
For most people with colour blindness ,they can conceive the world just like normal people but only some differences in differentiating colours. Scientists are still trying to find an absolute remedy to this condition.
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White colour is not a single colour, it is the combination of seven colours commonly known as VIBGYOR. The colours that are present in white colour consist violet ,Indigo, blue, green, yellow, orange and red. Rainbow is the best example for the Dispersion of white light. When sunlight passes through water droplets present in the moist atmosphere after of before the rain, it undergoes refraction and dispersion which results in splitting of seven colours. These seven colours are then arranged according to their respective wavelengths.
The Dispersion of light can be made possible using a prism. When a beam of light is passed through one side of the prism, it get dispersed and we can see the seven colours on the screen. But if we place two identical glass prisms in such a way that their refracting surfaces are in opposite direction, we can recombine the dispersed light into former white light. While the primary prism or the first prism disperses the white colour into seven component colours, the second prism recombines the emitted colours into its original combined form. This is due to the fact that the refraction produced by the second prism is equal and opposite to the refraction produced by the first prism.
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Electrical industry consists of mainly three key components which are generation, transmission and consumption. The major component among the three components is generation. Electricity is generated in power stations using many methods.
1. Hydroelectric power stations
2. Nuclear power stations.
3. Wind powered power stations
4. Solar power stations
5. Geothermal power station
6. Tidal energy power stations
Among these, hydroelectric power station is the most common. It consists of creating electricity by rotating the turbine using the force of water flow from dams. This method is widely criticized due its vast effect on wildlife. The water stored in the dam is directed to the turbine using pen stocks. The rotating turbine creates electricity which is stored in generators. In nuclear power stations,heat energy released from nuclear fission is used to create steam which rotates the turbine. In wind powered power stations, kinetic energy from the wind is used to create electrical energy. The amount of energy created is determined by the speed of the wind. Indora power station solar energy is converted into electric electrical energy and stored in generators. In geothermal power stations the hot current of steam formed under the surface of earth is used to create electrical energy. In tidal energy power stations, the energy created due to the tides at the ocean is used to create electricity. In tidal energy power stations, it is often criticized for the destruction of aquatic life .
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Whenever we study or read about French Revolution we will come across the name Napoleon Bonaparte. Who was Napoleon Bonaparte? What was his importance in French Revolution? Here is the answer. Napoleon was born on the 15th of August, 1769, in French occupied Corsica. His father was Carlo Maria di Bonaparte, and his mother, Maria Letizia Ramolino. Napoleon’s father Carlo Maria De Bonaparte was an ardent supporter of corsican resistance movement. The family of Napoleon shifted to France, so that Napoleon along with his brother got admission in French college D’Auten. Later Napoleon attended Military College and the Military Academy in Paris. Following the death of his father, Napoleon moved back to Corsica in order to look after his family . After some years, Napoleon moved back to France and joined French military as a commissioned officer. The jacobians came into power for a short period known as reign of terror.Fortunately for Napoleon, he fell out of favor with Jacobin leadership, letting him avoid execution, and fell into the good graces of the Government, which he defended from counter-revolutionary fighters in 1795. considering his services, he was appointed as the commander of the Army . She became a trusted military advisor to the government. His tactical movements led French Army to many victories. In June of 1799, the Jacobins staged a coup and took control of the country. Napoleon returned in October of the same year, and schemed with a member of the new government to perform a second coup, this one placing him and two others in power. Napoleon’s coup was successful, and saw the adoption of a new constitution in 1800, and the creation of a position known as the first consul, which was effectively a dictatorship. He created many changes in the socio economic conditions of France. Borders began to increase. In 1804, he was crowned the emperor of the France. After 1811, the economic stability of France began to collapse. British forces were leaping to the French territories. Due to Extreme tensions within and out of his country, Napoleon surrendered . He was exiled, later came back to France but failed again on battle of Waterloo. He was again exiled to a remote Island and his request to make his son the next emperor was rejected. He later died on 5th May 1821.
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Russia was not a communist country back then. Russia was under the reign of Tsar dynasty. Public were under political unrest and oppressed . This led to a mass protest which overthrown the Tsar dynasty and established a new constitution.
In December 1904, the first Spark of the revolution was ignited at Saint Petersburg. This protest spread across the country which resulted in halting of the social life. Under the leadership of a group of revolutionaries, a mass petition was given to the Tsar dynasty at the winter Palace. At some point the troops open the fire at the protesters and an approximate thousand people lost their life on this outrage. This incident is known as the bloody Sunday. Many people consider this incident as the incident which started the Russian revolution.
Later, The October Manifesto, written by Sergei Witte and Alexis Obolenskii, was presented to the Tsar on October 14. It closely followed the demands of the Zemstvo Congress in September, granting basic civil rights, allowing the formation of political parties, extending the franchise towards universal suffrage, and establishing the Duma as the central legislative body.When the manifesto was proclaimed, there were spontaneous demonstrations of support in all the major cities. The strikes in St. Petersburg and elsewhere officially ended or quickly collapsed. A political amnesty was also offered. The concessions came hand-in-hand with renewed, brutal action against the unrest. There was also a backlash from the conservative elements of society, with right-wing attacks on strikers, left-wingers, and Jews. Later many black shed protests happened all across the country and about 15,000 people has been executed.
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We may have come across the board nutritionist at many hospitals. Nutritionist is a person who is an expert in nutrients and importance of nutrients in daily diet. Deficiency of Nutrition causes stunted growth, foetal disabilities and in some cases , severe malnutrition leads to deadly diseases and is lethal. This statement itself shows the importance of nutrients in our food. There are 7 major nutrients that the body needs.
1. Carbohydrate ,2. Proteins, 3. Fats, 4. Minerals, 5.fibre and 6. Water. Any deficiency in these seven major nutrients causes malfunction inside our body. Some nutritionists suggest that water is the major nutrients that our body needs. Need of the transportation of compounds via blood, maintenance of body temperature, for the proper functioning of internal organs. Nutrition plays a great role in our life. Nutrition value is more important for any individual’s health. So it is very important that we need to be more aware about our food and water intake. The nutrients play a major role in maintaining and repairing the damaged cells of the body. Protein is a major nutrient that helps in building muscles. Carbohydrate deals with the energy levels. It is responsible for the overall energy of the individual. Fats provide us with extra energy. Vitamins are organic compounds which regulate our body functions and make sure that our body is functioning properly. Minerals regulate our body processes and also make new body tissues.
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Online classes and offline classes are the two faces of education. Both of them have avantages and disadvantages. While we consoder the current trend of the society, online classes are gaining more momentum over the traditional offline classes. Online class is a mode of teaching where the teacher conducts class using modern softwares . These softwares ranges from video chats to google classrooms. The major advantage of online class is that it is very useful to contain the spread of pandemics like covid. Teachers and students neednot to travel anywhere . They can attend the classes with ease. The major disadvantages are connection problems , losing friend circles and lack of social exposure. Offline classes facilitate social exposure and has its own disadvantages like travel problems, and spreading of pandemic.
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Volcanoes are nature’s own craft to expel the underlying extreme hot lava through a series of processes. We can classify the volcanoes generally into two types. 1 . Erupt volcano 2. Live volcano . Erupt volcanoes are those volcanoes which have already undergone erections in the past and usually considered as dead and not likely to erupt in the known future. Live volcanoes are those volcanoes which still have necessary firepower within its chamber. But scientists categories volcanoes into 4 categories. Cinder cones, composite volcanoes shield volcanoes and lava domes.Deep within the Earth it is so hot that some rocks slowly melt and become a thick flowing substance called magma. Since it is lighter than the solid rock around it, magma rises and collects in magma chambers. Eventually, some of the magma pushes through vents and fissures to the Earth’s surface. The erupted lava is so hot that it can convert even steel into liquefied form.
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Earth is a wonder with too many wonders still hidden inside. Among these the land forms are the wonders which makes world rich with its ecosystem . While we consider the ecosystem it is balanced with the help of land forms. From penguin to desert snake and from blue berry to jackfruit , it is the land forms which cause these diversity. The major land forms are Mountains, Valleys, Deserts , Dumes, Rivers , Oceans, plateaus, Islands and glaciers. Mountains are the land forms with steep height which causes them to be higher than the surrounding area. Valleys are those places rich with nature.They are low lying areas between 2 mountains Desert is covered with sand . Accumulation of sand and other substances causes the fornation of dumes. Rivers are formed as a way to transport water . Island is a strip of land encircled with ocean. Plateus are plane flatland with steep slopes . These all are caused due to tectonic movement plate collapsion and from years of revolution