[tanya bajaj]

Women Empowerment- the blend of two strong words- women and empowerment. Empowerment means to give control or authority to someone. So, overall women empowerment means to provide power in the hands of women. It means to give equal importance to women in all fields irrespective of any discrimination.

Our society consists of both men and women. In earlier times, men were the sole earners of the house. They were considered to be the decision-makers of the family. Women did not have any say in the decisions taken by men. Women were just responsible for the household work and taking care of children. So, the roles were discriminated against on the basis of gender. They were not allowed to study much nor were they allowed to get involved in jobs.

Now, a new terminology has been introduced in society i.e, Women Empowerment. It is the process that provides women to have a happy and respectable stand in society. They are provided multiple opportunities these days like in the field of education, profession, lifestyle, etc. It includes educating them without any restrictions. Once they get educated, they are free to choose their profession. They are then also allowed to take important family decisions. Once they are given this authority, they automatically feel empowered.

Women’s Empowerment is the most essential point of the overall development of society these days. In a family, if a man is a sole earner and in another family, if man and woman both are the earning members, we can very well imagine which family will have a well-improved lifestyle. As an individual, we should start respecting women in every possible way. We should motivate them to take up jobs that they like and not discourage them in any field.

Women these days are climbing up great heights. They are overpowering men in every possible field. And we should always be there to encourage them in whatever way we can.

[tanya bajaj]

Digitalization is the use of digital technologies to build a business model and provide new revenue. It is so much in trend these days as it makes the lives of people much easier. When an organization moves towards digitalization, it is actually making things easier and faster for the public.

Digitalization has made human life much easier than before. It saves our time and even money. If we see, buying anything online would cost us a bit less than if we buy the same thing from any retail store. It has made our life much effective. We can pay our bills just with a touch. Earlier, for paying our electricity bills, we had to stand in long queues, which was time-consuming, people had to take leaves from their offices just to pay electricity bills. And now, just with a tap on our mobiles, we can skip those long queues and pay the bill with a touch.

Earlier, we had to go to the shops for getting our phones recharged, now we can do that just by sitting home in a second. PM Modi had also promoted digitalization in our country. After that, every small shop and every street vendor also started using digital methods to accept payments. When demonetization was in effect in the country, only these digital methods could help all of us in leading a better life. When we had to book movie tickets, we could just skip the long queues and instead book tickets online.

Even if we take an example of the pandemic, people can order groceries, vegetables, and all the important stuff by sitting at home and they don’t have to take any risk by moving out of their homes. Even we can pay the amount online and have contact-free delivery.

In short, digitalization has made our life easy, saves our time and money. We don’t have to spend more on fuels to travel places. Getting work easily done is a part of digitalization.

[tanya bajaj]

The Nepal Earthquake that occurred in 2015 was the deadliest since 1934. It was named the Gorkha Earthquake. There were more than 9000 fatalities that were recorded because of this earthquake and it injured more than 23,000 people. It took place on 25th April 2015.

The epicenter of this earthquake was the east of the district of the Lamjung. This earthquake had hit the country with a magnitude of 7.8 on the Richter scale. This earthquake had affected four countries. First of all, it affected entire Nepal, some parts of India, Bangladesh, and the Tibet autonomous region of China. It had also affected some parts of Bhutan and Pakistan. The major effects were seen in fourteen districts of Nepal- Gorkha, Rasuwa, Sindhupalchok, Kavre, Nuwakot, Dolakha, Kathmandu, Lalitpur, Bhaktapur, Ramechap, Sindhuli, Okhaldhunga, and Makwanpur. Out of these, Dolakha and Sindhupalchok were hit very severely.

Sushil Koirala was elected the Prime Minister of Nepal on 10th February 2014. When the earthquake hit the country, he was out of the country due to some emergencies. Many people got against him during this time while many supported him unconditionally. Some people say that he responded very well during this time while others were against this notion. It is believed that the country was aware of something terrible like this happening still, they were not prepared for it. Drinking water, hospital beds, gasoline, food, and electricity supply were cut short during this time which could not be handled by Mr. Sushil Koiral very nicely. Once he started to work to support the people at this difficult time, he worked really well with all the resources that he had in hand. He shut down schools, petrol stations, and ATMs and tried to rescue those who needed his help. He had also declared three-day National mourning for the whole of Nepal.

[tanya bajaj]

India is one of the oldest civilizations in the world. A country with a wide diversity of people living in it. The caste system in India is widespread since ancient times. We all know that it is a social evil but still it holds an important place in the hearts and minds of the people.

The caste system is also mentioned in the ancient scriptures. The caste system is mainly based on the tribe, creed, and religion of the people. Although in the very beginning, there were many caste-related issues, people have now brought many changes to the caste system since then. The people in the Indian society are classified based on their caste, what is called the Caste system.

There are four classes of people in Indian society, named the Brahmans, the Kshatriyas, the Vaishya, and the Shudra. According to the Rig Veda, the Brahmans were made from the head, hands were modified to the Kshatriyas, the Vaishyas were made from thighs, and Shudras were transformed from feet.

The Brahmans were considered of the highest order in society. There were given utmost respect in the Indian society. They were usually offered jobs like that of a teacher, a priest, or any other respectable job in the society. They often acted as the guardians of religion.

The Kshatriyas were fixed in second place after the Brahmans. They were allocated the jobs of warriors, or the landlords in society. They were very well known for their courage.

Then came the Vaishyas. They were the people who were involved in their businesses. They were handed over jobs like that of a goldsmith, merchants, or small traders in the society.

Next were the Shudras. They were the people who were assigned abject jobs like laborers, artisans, craftsmen, or others. They were the last in order and did not receive any respect from people of other castes.

There was one more caste in the Indian society who were not even treated as humans. They were considered untouchables. These people were the Dalits. They were handed over jobs like sweepers, shoemakers, etc.

We should not treat people according to their castes. We should know that no work is small in this world. The caste system does bring any good in society, rather it just creates a difference in people.

[tanya bajaj]

Navratri is one way of worshiping Goddess Durga. This festival is celebrated all over India in different forms. The word Navratri is made up of two words- Nav and Ratri. Nav means nine and Ratri means night. This festival is rejoiced for nine nights. It goes on for nine nights and ten days. It is generally celebrated in the month of October or November.

It is celebrated four times in a year- Sharada Navratri, Vasanta Navratri, Magha Navratri, and Ashada Navratri. Out of these, Sharada Navratri is the most famous across India. In the North-Eastern and Eastern states, It is generally celebrated by the name of Durga Puja. As per the holy scriptures, the demon emperor Mahishasura, with all his heart worshipped Lord Siva and achieved enormous powers. He went on to perform inhumanity against people. The holy triad of Brahma, Vishnu, and Siva merged their powers and formulated Goddess Durga to safeguard the world from the evil powers of Mahishasura.

In Northern, Southern, and Western states, Navratri is referred to as Ram Lila and celebrated in the form of Dussehra. It generally signifies the victory of good over evil, where Lord Rama defeated Ravana, as also elaborated in the Ramayana.

The first day of Navratri is the day of Goddess Parvati which is incarnated as Shailputri. She is depicted as the incarnation of Mahakali. On the second day, Brahmacharini, which symbolizes calmness and peace is worshipped. On the third day, Chandraghanta, a depiction of the form of Goddess, portraying her vivaciousness is worshipped.

Symbolizing her creative power, Kushmanda is worshipped on the fourth day. The strength of a mother when her children are in danger, referred to as Skandamata is worshipped on the next day. Characterizing courage, Katyayani is worshipped on the sixth day. Mahakali, one of the most violent forms of Goddess Durga is worshipped on the seventh day. Mahagauri, depicting peace and optimism is worshipped on the eighth day. And on the last day, Goddess Sidhidatri rests on the lotus and transmits wisdom and the beauty of nature.

[tanya bajaj]

A nuclear family is a family merely containing 2-5 members. It is a small group consisting of a husband, wife, and children. After marriage, the children leave their parents and their home to begin a new life in a different house giving it a fresh start. Nuclear families are quite common these days as youth generally want some privacy.

Nuclear families are free from the control of elders. People love their independence these days and therefore move out and start a new journey of their life in a new house. In a nuclear family, there is a lot of scope for personality development. People can live their life according to their rules.

In a nuclear family, the children become more frank with their parents are able to discuss almost everything with them. If the lady is working, she can easily manage her home according to her ideology. Also, parents can spend more time with their children enjoying and having fun with them. There is no interference from the elders’ side and the house can be easily managed by both the husband and wife. He can also give maximum time to his children and his wife. Nuclear families also tend to do family planning in a much efficient way and they can bear the expenses very easily. The responsibilities get divided among them and the burden does not remain any one person. There are few people in a nuclear family so there is no room for any misunderstandings. Whatever be the problem, they can clear them out and sort them on their own. Savings and financial planning can be done more effectively in a nuclear family. All the family members can enjoy their independent lifestyle in the way they want to. The lifestyle can often indisciplined but that is manageable by the parents.

[tanya bajaj]

“Any food can criticize, condemn, and complain but it takes character and self-control to be understanding and forgiving”.

At some point in life, everyone faces a sort of criticism and we should know how to deal with it positively. Sometimes it gets difficult for us to face it but eventually, we have to do it. We can deal with it in two ways, either be positive about it and do something good, or lower your self-esteem and move on the depression side.

When criticized by a third person, it gets obvious to react in a negative manner but if we can control ourselves, and look at the bright side and maybe improve after that, nothing can be greater than that. Criticism is basically of two types- constructive criticism and destructive criticism.

Constructive criticism is the one in which the other person points out our mistakes, but also helps us in digging out the room for improvement. It can be taken as the positive feedback that someone offers us. It is just like we used to get in our schools. While in the Parents’ teacher meeting, the teachers used to complain to our parents about our behavior but they also helped us to improve and overcome those mistakes.

Destructive Criticism, on the other hand, is mostly done by a person who is jealous of our well-being. It is the one that is deliberately given by a person. It is often negative feedback given by someone. Destructive Criticism is often malicious and hurtful. In some cases, it may lead to exclusive anger. It also induces aggression. But in either of the cases, we should remember that we have to move on after taking that criticism and improve ourselves. We have to use these criticisms as an advantage for us and use that to move up the ladder in life.

[tanya bajaj]

Pets are the most adorable creature on this planet. They love us and are always loyal to us. They are always there for us supporting us in many ways. But owning a pet comes with many responsibilities. Many times they act as our protectors as well.

Pets are not only animals who live with us, but they also become an indispensable part of our life. Just like our family members, they also become a part of our family. I had always wanted a pet but couldn’t get one because my parents didn’t allow me to. But last month, on my birthday I got a beautiful puppy as a birthday present. Its breed is Havanese. They are cute little pups that are adored by everyone. In my family, everyone liked the cute little dog. We decided to name it Bruno.

Bruno has long and silky hair. It has gained many admirers with its beautiful eyes. In my family, I have a younger sister as well who was scared of dogs and because of whom my parents didn’t agree to buy me a dog. But Bruno is very friendly with her and my parents are kind of happy by seeing that. He is very affectionate and friendly with strangers as well. It is very easy to train Bruno. He is a fast learner. He adapts to all the weather, whether hot or cold. He is the most sensitive kid in our family. He is a playful dog who loves to roam around and play with me. We go for an evening walk every day where he gets some fresh air and also gets to roam in the environment. He does not like being alone, he always sticks to me wherever we are. Even at home, we have set up his bed near mine so that he doesn’t feel lonely.

Overall, he is a playful dog who is affectionate with everyone. He likes playing with me and I feel good being with him.

[tanya bajaj]

767 crore people are there in this world and every one is distinct from the rest of the people. Even the smallest thing has some purpose to serve in nature. Human beings are an exclusive creation of God and every person is exclusive.

My name is Tanya Bajaj. I reside in Lucknow. I have done my 10th from DAV Public School with an aggregate of 89% and my 12th from Blue Bells Model School with an aggregate of 91%. I opted for non-Medical while I was in 11th standard because I had an interest in Physics and Chemistry. I had an extreme interest in Chemistry as it was all filled up with chemical reactions and equations. Thereafter I completed my Engineering from Vellore Institute of Technology with an aggregate of 75%. I was a part of the IEEE Society and was the vice-chairperson of the WIE department. I also have job experience of 3 years in Deloitte.

In my family, there are four members including me. My father, my mother, and my younger sister are a part of my family. My father is a government official. And my mother is a homemaker. My younger sister is pursuing her graduation from Delhi University. Being the older one, I am supposed to guide my younger sister in her studies, and also I carry the family burden on myself.

I like reading novels, playing games, and cycling. I generally like reading novels that are full of suspense. I also like reading the biographies of people. I have recently read the biography of APJ Abdul Kalam, named Wings of Fire. It was an inspirational novel. If a person is depressed, and not in a good state of mind, reading that novel would take off the burden and make you feel good about yourself. It also motivated me in various fields of my life.

[tanya bajaj]

Cleanliness is next to Godliness- the proverb given by John Weasley in the year 1778. This proverb relates more to the physical cleanliness around us. Human beings should try to uphold this proverb in their day-to-day life. Sustaining clean surroundings and a clean mind and body leads to a successful life. This proverb is to make us understand how important cleanliness is in our lives.

People generally say that if you keep yourself clean, it will automatically improve the standard of your living. Living in a clean environment brings about a positive impact on our lifestyle. While we were kids, we were often guided by our parents to regularly brush our teeth, have a bath, comb our hair, etc. Washing hands before our meal is also a part of staying clean. Many diseases run away from us just because we follow this phrase by heart.

In many traditions in our country, Cleanliness is a fundamental part of the lifestyle of many people. It does not only refer to the physical cleanliness of the body but also mental cleanliness. The thoughts that we get should also be pure. It is often said that if a person is beautiful from the inside, it does not matter by their outer appearance. It also depends on a person’s thinking. One must keep one’s mind and body free from all sorts of indecencies to lead an organized life. Staying clean also enhances our concentration power. This might lead us to the path of spirituality.

Our government also realizes the power of cleanliness. They often organize many drives to for the cleaning of various places like near the rivers, so as to clean our surroundings. If the government is taking such a big step on a large scale, we can also hold hands and keep ourselves clean. We should also aware people of this phrase so that everyone in the country is on the same page about cleanliness.

Therefore, if you keep clean, it is next to Godliness.

[tanya bajaj]

The atmosphere of Earth is a blend of many gases, commonly known as Air. The atmosphere of Earth protects life by producing an adequate amount of gases which is consumed by people. The major constituents of Earth’s atmosphere are Nitrogen, Oxygen, and Argon. Water vapor is also a very small part of the atmosphere.

Air contains 78% Nitrogen, 21% Oxygen, 0.93% Argon and the rest all the gases are present in very minimal quantity. These remaining gases are generally referred to as trace gases, which mostly consist of greenhouse gases. 0.25% of water vapor is also present in the Earth’s atmosphere.

In the atmosphere, air pressure and density decrease with altitude. However, the temperature is more irrationally related to the altitude. It generally remains relatively constant or may even increase with an increase in altitude in some regions.

The ecosphere is the outermost layer of the Earth’s atmosphere. It is located at the top of the thermosphere and is at an altitude of about 700 kilometers above sea level. This layer is composed of remarkably low densities of hydrogen, helium, and numerous heavy molecules consisting of nitrogen, oxygen, and carbon dioxide. The atoms and molecules are very far apart from one another and travel hundreds of kilometers without conflicting with each other. Hence, the exosphere does not behave like gas anymore, and the particles continually disappear into space.

The thermosphere is the second-highest layer of the Earth’s atmosphere. It covers an altitude of about 80 kilometers. Its height varies continuously due to the changes in solar activity. Since this layer lies at a lower boundary, it is also called exobase.

Then comes the Mesosphere. It is the third-highest layer in the Earth’s atmosphere. This layer occupies the area above the stratosphere and below the thermosphere. It extends at an altitude of about 50 kilometers to the mesosphere at about 80-85 kilometers.

[tanya bajaj]

A life cycle refers to all the stages that animals go through with reference to their growth. Life cycles keep on repeating for reproduction as well. There are many animals in this world and all experience different kinds of life cycles. No two animals have the same life cycle.

Animals like beetles, frogs, and butterflies go through a process called metamorphosis. Metamorphosis is a word for transforming from one form to another. There are two types of Metamorphosis in insects- Incomplete Metamorphosis and Complete Metamorphosis. When the young ones look like their adults, that process is called Incomplete Metamorphosis. And when the young ones look totally different from their adults and eat different types of food, it is called Complete Metamorphosis.

Butterflies generally follow a four-stage life cycle.

Stage 1- Egg

Adult female butterflies lay a lot of their eggs on plants. These plants serve as food to those tiny caterpillars. These eggs are very small in size.

Stage 2- Caterpillar: The Feeding Stage

This stage is the larva. In this stage, the caterpillar keeps on eating. As it grows, it splits its skin and sheds it for about 4-5 times.

Stage 3- Pupa: The Transition Stage

When the caterpillar is fully grown and is done eating, it becomes a pupa. The pupa is generally protected inside the cocoon of silk. No major changes can be seen in this stage but the special cells present in the larva start growing at this time. The butterfly’s legs, wings, eyes, and other parts of the body start to develop.

Stage 4- Adult: The Reproductive Stage

In this stage, the caterpillar is a grown-up butterfly now. It looks very different from the larva. It has long legs, long antennae, and compound eyes. They have also developed large and colorful wings by now. They can fly using them but they can’t grow anymore.

[tanya bajaj]

A life cycle refers to all the stages that animals go through with reference to their growth. Life cycles keep on repeating for reproduction as well. There are many animals in this world and all experience different kinds of life cycles. No two animals have the same life cycle.

Animals like beetles, frogs, and butterflies go through a process called metamorphosis. Metamorphosis is a word for transforming from one form to another. The animals that go through this process look very different as babies than when they grow up as adults.

Frogs are amphibians that can survive both on land and on water. But during their life cycle of becoming an adult frog from an infant frog, they go through numerous changes. And for all those stages, they live only in water.

Stage 1- Egg

A female frog lays many eggs at one time in a pond. Those eggs float on the water either in a jelly mass or a cluster. Those eggs hatch into tadpoles very soon.

Stage 2- Tadpole

When the tadpole hatches from the egg, it looks more like a fish than a frog. Initially, it doesn’t have any legs. It has gills instead of lungs to breathe underwater. The tadpole swims, eats plants, and algae in the water, and starts growing. The growth continues for various weeks. It is this time only when the tadpole starts to grow lungs so that when it becomes a frog, it is able to breathe on land as well. It has a long tail. The two hind also start to grow in this time, so it can leap around apart from swimming.

Stage 3- Young Frog

The tadpole grows its two front legs and its tail becomes shorter. Its tail contains many nutrients so it doesn’t have to look for food outside anywhere. The tadpole now becomes a little frog. It jumps out from the water and reaches the land. The frog is still very tiny.

Stage 4- Adult Frog

In this stage, the frog’s tail is completely gone and it starts eating insects instead of plants. This young frog takes 2-4 more years to become an adult.

This is the life cycle of a frog.

[tanya bajaj]

Noise means the unwanted sound. The sound that is not pleasant for our ears and is not bearable is called noise. Noise is measured in decibels. The sound that is less than 115 decibels is tolerable by human ears. Noise pollution is also considered environmental pollution as it severely affects the environment.

Noise pollution, also known as sound pollution is the propagation of noise with a very great impact on human beings as well as animal life. Noise pollution is severely caused by machines, transport systems, etc. In the residential areas, the main reason for noise pollution is loud music, loud honks of vehicles, construction, generators, etc.

Noise pollution affects the health and behavior of living beings. High noise levels may even lead to cardiovascular problems in human beings. It can also cause damage to the physiological health of humans. Noise pollution may induce a lot of diseases in humans like hypertension, sleep disorder, high-stress levels, etc. In animals, the high rise in noise pollution can directly lead to their death.

Noise pollution is actually very dangerous for aged people. We should figure out ways to reduce noise pollution in our house which would be beneficial for our surroundings as well.

1. Turn Off appliances- We should turn off the appliances that are not in use such as TV, games, etc.

2. Use earplugs- Use earplugs or earmuffs can limit the amount of noise that goes into our ears.

3. Lower the volume- When we listen to songs or watch a movie, we should keep the volume down not disturbing anyone else, and also reducing noise pollution.

4. Control noise in sensitive areas- While driving near an ambulance, or a school, or a hospital, we can try not to blow horns.

5. Plant more trees- It is a proven fact that trees are an absorbent of noise. Plant more trees, so the noise pollution can be limited to a certain extent. Plants can absorb 5-10 decibels of noise.

• This reply was modified 3 years, 10 months ago by  tanya bajaj.

[tanya bajaj]

We see plants all around us. Some plants are terrestrial while some are aquatic. But all the plants have the same parts and their function also remains almost the same. But just like humans, all of them are unique in some or the other way. Every plant has a different structure of roots, stems, leaves, flowers, fruits, etc.

Plants have been classified according to height, stems, branches, and their life cycle. In all, there are five varieties of plants- herbs, shrubs, trees, creepers, and climbers.

Herbs are the small plants that have soft and delicate stems. They have a very short life span. They are so delicate that they can be uprooted from the soil directly. They contain many nutritional benefits like they contain minerals and vitamins because of which they are considered to be a part of the balanced diet. Some examples of herbs are tomato, wheat, paddy, etc.

Shrubs are the medium-sized plants and somewhat bigger than herbs. They don’t contain woody tissues. Its height varies from 6 meters to 10 meters. The features of herbs include having woody stems and many branches. They have hard and flexible stems. Rose, jasmine, tulsi are some of the examples.

Trees are the tallest and largest plants. They have hard and woody stems. A single, main stem arises from the ground that is called the trunk of the tree. The tree forms many branches when it reaches a certain height. Those branches carry leaves, flowers, and fruits. Trees have a long life span. They can live for several years like Banana, Mango, Neem trees, etc.

Creepers are the types of plants with weak stems that cannot stand upright and directly spread on the ground. It expands horizontally adjacent to the soil. They are generally called ground covers as there is no valid reason for them to leave the soil. Some examples of creepers are Pumpkin, Watermelon, Sweet Potato, etc.

Climbers are the type that cannot stand on their own and need support for the same. They need some support to grow whether natural or artificial. They have long and thin stems which cannot stand corrected without any support, so they require an external support to climb vertically and handle their weight by using some special structures called tendrils. Examples of climbers are Grapevine, money plant, cucumber, bean, etc.