[Anushree Ray]

Plants are trees are the most essentials to sustain life on Earth. Plants and tress provide all the living creatures with food and oxygen without the availability of these two lives would be impossible. Plants also help in the process of rain and thus keeps the water cycle in order. We often hear two most commonly used terms associated with plants and trees that is firstly Deforestation and secondly afforestation. Deforestation is the practice of cutting down of trees for human need whereas on the other hand afforestation is the practice of planting a greater number of trees to benefit the living creatures.

Harm which deforestation causes:

1. Trees bind the roots of the soil and thus help in avoiding soil erosion, once the trees are cut the soil is left loose and is eroded very easily.

2. Tress provide us with oxygen and absorbs the carbon dioxide, with a smaller number of trees around carbon dioxide emitted by us is not being absorbed at a greater rate and as a result global warming is increasing.

3. With forests being cleared many wild animals are losing home and thus are exposed out as a result of which many of them even die, this is destroying the balance between the flora and fauna and is creating a great ecological imbalance.

4. Trees play an important role in rain with a smaller number of tress even the rain cycle is getting disturbed which is causing water scarcity and many other problems.

Benefits of afforestation:

1. More number of trees ensures more production of oxygen and food materials.

2. More trees help in keeping a healthy greener environment.

3. More trees ensures that the water cycle is alright and there is more rain.

[Anushree Ray]

Mobile phones now a days have become an integral part of our lives. Every moment for every little work we need the assistance of mobile. Mobile phones have made the lives of human beings much easier. In the early days mobile phones were manufactured only for calling purpose but in today’s date it is multifunctional. We start our day with the alarm of our mobiles and end it by saying good night through it to our friends and families. Mobile phones have become an absolute necessity these days simultaneously they are user friendly and easy to carry. But every thing comes with its own advantages and disadvantages:

ADVANTAGES:

1. It can be used for communication purpose.

2. Students can use it for educational purpose to attend lectures, solve assignments and take examinations.

3. We can also do our necessity such as shopping any kind of material through it.

4. It can be used to keep in touch with friends and families through social media.

It has various other features which all of us use on a daily basis such as camera, calendar, torch, F.M Radio, voice recorder and many more.

DISADVANTAGE:

1. It addicts children a lot and lead to many problems such as eyesight disorder and concentration issues.

2. It is a machine and at times fails to understand human needs.

3. It reduces human capabilities.

4. It has promoted video games as a result children now a days don’t go to play outdoors and are becoming victims of obesity.

[Anushree Ray]

Deforestation is the practice of cutting down trees for various human needs. Deforestation in increasing at an alarming rate. Huge forests are being cleared to transform the space into developed cities, Trees are being cut down to use the wood to make furniture, papers and many other goods. Trees are being cut randomly without much trees being planted and this has already turned into a global issue.

Harm which deforestation causes:

1. Trees bind the roots of the soil and thus help in avoiding soil erosion, once the trees are cut the soil is left loose and is eroded very easily.

2. Tress provide us with oxygen and absorbs the carbon dioxide, with a smaller number of trees around carbon dioxide emitted by us is not being absorbed at a greater rate and as a result global warming is increasing.

3. With forests being cleared many wild animals are losing home and thus are exposed out as a result of which many of them even die, this is destroying the balance between the flora and fauna and is creating a great ecological imbalance.

4. Trees play an important role in rain with a smaller number of tress even the rain cycle is getting disturbed which is causing water scarcity and many other problems.

[Anushree Ray]

Teeth are the elementary part of our digestive system. When food goes inside our mouth with the help of the teeth, we bite the food particles and break them down to smaller particles so that it can be mixed well with the saliva and can even pass the esophagus. Teeth are composed of calcium and are also the hardest part of our body, they are set up on the gums through roots and blood capillaries. It is also subject to decay, if not taken proper care teeth can cause great problems even, which will further lead to digestive and gastric problems are the very basic part of the digestion process will be hampered. One should brush atleast twice a day and use mouthwash and regularly floss in between of the teeth.

There are basically four kinds of teeth which human being possess:

1. Incisors: There are a total of eight incisors, four in the upper jaw and four below they are used basically for cutting leafy things and vegetables.

2. Canines: There are a total four canines, two in each jaw they are used for tearing meat and other tough food items.

3. Molars: There are a total eight molars four in each jaw their job is to grind the food into particles.

4. Pre-Molars: There are a total of eight pre-molars and their functionality matches those of the molars.

[Anushree Ray]

The world has been overloaded with opportunities with the emergence of Internet. Everything we do requires internet nowadays. Internet has made human life and jobs very easy and comfortable. It also consists of answer to every question of this world.

Earlier education was very difficult with only a few numbers of books printed books and no visual but for today’s generations the availability of resources is very easy and this has only been possible with the help of internet. Communication and maintaining touch with families and friends have also been eased with internet in the ground as we now have access to various social medias, features such as video calling. Also, we have got maps showing us ways in which ever place we go, we also get to know about prior information about a place and all other necessary details.

Specially in this pandemic even internet has been a great savvier. It has been the lifeline to education as the complete education field has been transferred to the online platform, offices have also shifted to the online platform. Other than these we have all other necessities such as groceries, medicine, food, luxury services have been really helpful at this hour of need.

Though internet at some places have been seen as not useful as children easily gets addicted to the wide variety of games and contents which they should not get indulged to such a great extent.

Internet is obviously a boon to the human kind if used wisely and with precaution it will keep helping the complete human race.

[Anushree Ray]

We all are aware about the hard skills and the technical skills which are important to get established in the professional world out there but one thing which we often miss and which is of equal importance as the hard skills and technical skills is the Soft skills. The soft skills mainly constitute of the Listening and the Speaking skills.

Most of us with time and practice do develop speaking skills but the tougher one is the listening skill set it requires good grasping power as well as a lot of patience. Developing speaking skills also includes a lot of exercise such as reading books, growing skills to speak spontaneously and fluently.

Growing soft skills such as speaking and listening has a lot of advantages:

1. It marks one special in professional field.

2. One with good soft skills tend to have a better communication skill and thus can manage clients well.

3. Listening and speaking skills also helps in avoiding miss understandings.

4. This also boosts confidence in one and add a better impression.

5. A good public speaker can listener can find out problems easily and work on them better as compared to others.

6. Good speaking and listening skills also help in building strong public relation.

[Anushree Ray]

In today’s high-tech world, we people are disabled without Technology. From the very starting of the day till the end at every step we use some or the other technology to make our chores easier. Technology is advancing every single day are doing wonders presently the world is working upon Super computers which if get successful will be the greatest technology of all.

This current pandemic situation has even enhanced the usage and importance of technology because now from education to professional job or personal business everything is transferred to the online portal which is again one of the most famous and useful technology. Today sustaining life is almost impossible without internet.

In the mechanical fields if we choose one section suppose vehicle there also, we can visualize the emergence of technology with the ever-increasing features. We can also see the emergence of self-driven cars with the help of artificial technology as well as cars which run with electricity and can be recharged whenever needed.

Technology is also doing wonders in the medical field producing machines to detect diseases and conduct various types of tests in short span of time with ease.

Technology is no doubt a boon to the human race and we must use it wisely for the benefit of the mankind.

[Anushree Ray]

Pollution is increasing with each passing day, pollution is the contamination of the air water and soil with harmful toxic substances, one of the most common pollutant which gets generated at a huge amount each day is Plastic. Plastic materials are non-biodegradable and hence can sustain for ages in the soil and water leading to land and water pollution respectively and if in case they are burnt they emit very harmful toxic gages which causes air pollution. Plastics are generally composed of synthetic and semi synthetic polymerized materials.

Plastic bad and other items when are disposed to land pits it stays there for a long time then after it starts getting in penetrating the soli this gradual process results in clogging the roots of the plants as a result the roots can no longer breathe or grow and finally the plants or trees dies, this further takes part in soil erosion as the roots of the soil is no longer binding it.

Plastic also affects the sea life in a greater extent when are disposed in the water bodies, as they do not get decomposed any small sea creatures gets trapped and entangled in them and as the result loses life for not getting food whereas some of the larger sea creatures mistakes plastic as food and intakes it and gets toxic and this toxicity is transferred to us human beings when we consume these see foods.

[Anushree Ray]

Food is the fuel which gives living beings the energy to perform all other chores. Living beings cannot survive without food and it is not that any kind of food will make living beings survive. There is a particular requirement of all five kinds of nutrients which included Carbohydrates, Fats, protein, Vitamin and minerals along with this our body also requires Roughage. Without food living beings can barely survive for a couple of days. Malnutrition which can be defined as not enough nutrition causes living beings to suffer many kinds of diseases which causes a lot of pain and suffering and in some cases can even end up taking lives.

Water the universal fluid is also very essential to sustain life it provides with the required nourishment as well as water consists of many important minerals which are vital for sustaining life. Without water our kidneys wont, be functioning as a result we will not get rid of the metabolic wastes in our bodies which increases the toxicity of our body to a great extent and results in misfunctioning of all other organ systems. Without water living beings can survive for a few days.

So, it is extremely important that we consume the nutritious food and drink right amount of water.

[Anushree Ray]

The entire world has been witnessing a global pandemic since the beginning of the year 2020 and it has been devastating since then. The world has come to a halt people are terrified with the huge ever-increasing number of cases as well as the death rate. The world economy as well as the world medical services are facing heavy challenges. Controlling this every mutating virus is becoming more tedious every day. Already all the countries have faced the first wave in which the infectivity rate was high as usual but the death rate was low as compared to it and after a lot of efforts scientists were able to design a vaccine against this strain but within no long another wave appeared with almost more than double spread rate and also a deadly death rate, most of the countries including our India is still facing this second wave and things are really tough.

But the worst news is scientists has detected a possibility of generation of another wave or the third wave and people are horrified with this news, it is also said that this wave will be more dangerous for children. So now the steps which we can adopt to safeguard children from this deadly virus are:

1. The drive to vaccinate children should be started right off.

2. Children should be made more aware about the emergency situation and should be taught the proper use of masks and sanitizers.

3. Children should not be taken out unless and until it is of extreme importance.

4. Their diet should be taken care of and should be fed more protein, vitamin and minerals.

5. Engage children in doing regular yoga.

[Anushree Ray]

Communication is the technique of interacting with people in a healthy manner and exchange thoughts and ideas. In present days communication skills is the most important one which is required at every step of life. Communication is the key to social and professional life. Communication can be both Verbal or Non-verbal mode but the most important criteria are that it should be healthy and understandable, at times due to various communication barriers people are not able to communicative effectively and this causes tension.

Lack of effective communication leads to miss understandings which further creates ego and ruins public relationship which is not at all expected because it harms the social peace or harmony. In order to maintain good public relation, it is of immense importance that people should communicate more freely this will avoid unnecessary fuss and will not lead to miss understandings. Suppose one such incident occurs and even after that people do not communicate this will make things even worst and would finally result in collapsing everything in a very bad note.

So, it is very important for us to communicate in a healthy manner and this will also eventually help in maintaining peace and harmony in the society.

[Anushree Ray]

The most important thing which decides every part of our lives which influences everything and everyone be it rich or poor, educated or uneducated, employed or unemployed is TIME. Time is the most powerful element which can build as well as at the same time ruin someone. It is very important that one should value time. We often hear from others when we pass through some bad time that this too shall pass and time will come in our favor and again everything will come back to track.

We as students have a very important part to play with time, the most important thing which we should follow is that we must have a well-balanced schedule where we must have slots for doing everything properly another important thing is we must not neglect work and pushing it up and pile it up, backlogs are some endless whirlpools from where it is very difficult to come out so one must do all the work in time and do not procrastinate. Procrastination increases self guilt and reduces confidence it also leads to imperfect work as at the end we do not end up giving enough time to a work which it was supposed to be given and this further consumes more time. So planning your day helps a lot in time management and this must be done as time is the most costliest thing that one possesses.

[Anushree Ray]

Rabindranath Tagore was a multitalented personality born on 7^th of May 1861 to the Tagore family in the 4 Dwarakanath Tagore Lane, in the famous Jorasanko Thakur bari, Kolkata. His father was Debendranath Tagore was a Hindu philosopher and religious reformer and his mother was Sarada Devi. He was the 13^th child to their parents and was also the youngest.

Rabindranath Tagore was a child was never interested in the four walled education system he always though something out of the box and later he introduced Shanti Niketan where students were taught under trees in the lap of nature. He was a poet, a song writer, drama writer, story writer and a painter he was a multitalented person who brough wonders to the Bengalis, and is a pride for the Bengali community. He was married to Mrinalini Devi on 9^th of December in the year of 1883 when he was 29years old and had five children. He found the ashram at Shantiniketan in the year of 1901

He also took part in the Freedom fight of India and was recognized. His creations were uncountable among them he was awarded with the prestigious noble prize in the year of 1913 for literature for his famous creation Gitanjali, Tagore was the first person who received a noble award inspite of being an non-European citizen. He was also offered with the most prestigious Knighthood but he refused it to mark a protest against the cruel Jallianwala Bagh massacre.

Some of his famous work includes Gitanjali, Ghore bahire, the national anthem of two different nation “Jana Gana Mana” for India and “Amar Sonar Bangla” for Bangladesh and infinitely more.

On 7^th of August 1941 at the age of 80 this grand personality took his last breath in his royal mansion of the Jorasanko Thakur Bari.

[Anushree Ray]

The word communication is derived from the Latin word “communis” which means to share. Communication is the mere art of exchanging the thought and idea from one person to another through either verbal mode or any written mode. Effective communication is a necessity is today’s world without communication skills a person is not considered to be properly qualified for any kind of professional work. But all of us at some point of the time or other have faced difficulties to communicate due to various reason this problem is termed are BARRIER TO COMMUNICATION there are various kinds of barriers to communication we will be discussing some of them here:

1. ENVIRONMENTAL BARRIER: We often face some loud noise due to some constructional activities or activities by some other nearby person we also witness interruption and at times physical discomfort this is termed as Environmental barrier.

2. PSCHOLOGICAL BARRIER: We generally do not feel comfortable to communicate or exchange our thoughts with people with whom our psychology does not match this barrier is termed as Psychological barrier.

3. LANGUAGE BARRIER: People speaking different languages are often unable to speak or understand other languages and thus when they get to interact with people from other origin they fail to do so.

4. PERSONAL BARRIER: At times people suffer from physical challenges such as being deaf or dumb at this point, they are not able to communicate due to some personal problem of their own.

5. DEMOGRAPHICAL BARRIER: At times one particular language has variety of accents and people living in different landforms use them and it often turns out to be a communication barrier.

6. ATTITUDINAL BARRIER: At times due to the attitude of the other person people do not feel comfortable to communicate, this at times turns out to be very serious and results in being a communication barrier.

[Anushree Ray]

Our natural environment consists of both living as well as non-living things, it is basically the surrounding or condition in which both biotic and abiotic components survive. Now we have a very basic question that how do we actually differentiate between biotic and abiotic components:

1. The most basic and general point of difference between biotic and abiotic component is that, a biotic component is the one which constitutes of life in it similarly we can define abiotic components as the one who does not constitute life.

2. Biotic components can move, for example people travel from one place to another, animals move around in search of food, plants also show some movements which accounts for their biotic nature on the other hand we have furniture, book, pen etc. which cannot move.

3. Biotic components have organ system which perform some biological functions like the transportation system in plants transports water and minerals throughout the plant, human and animals comprises of the nervous system, digestive system and many others which have their individual functionalities whereas abiotic components do not have any such organ systems in them.

4. Biotic components can reproduce through either laying eggs or giving birth to young ones whereas abiotic components cannot reproduce.