[Anushree Ray]

Summer is one of the most exciting season Inspite of the scorching sun on top of our head the wide variety and availability of various fruits and vegetables will cool winds in the later part of the day makes this season wonderful.

But most often in summers we face a problem that is DEHYDRATION, due to excess heat, temperature and humidity our body tends to lose lot of water in daily basis and at this point if we fail to drink the required amount of water then we face Dehydration.

In one hand as nature creates such a problematic situation similarly on the other hand nature itself has even given way outs to deal with the same. Already I have mentioned about the wide range of availability of fruits and vegetables in summer and among them consuming many such fruits and vegetables help in increasing the water and glucose content of our body and keeps us fresh and energetic.

Fruits such as cucumber, watermelon, litchi, pulpy green coconut have a great water content and keeps us cool in summers, talking of summer fruits we also have the king of all fruits that is mango which helps in dealing with the heat with its potassium and magnesium content.

In the vegetable segment we have gourd, bitter gourd, okra, pumpkin keeps us cool in the hot summer days and lets us enjoy the season.

Steps to control dehydration:

1. Consume a lot of water regularly.

2. Intake a lot of fruits and green vegetables.

3. Avoid going out in strong scorching heat

4. Intake glucose on a daily basis.

[Anushree Ray]

Summer is one of the most exciting season Inspite of the scorching sun on top of our head the wide variety and availability of various fruits and vegetables will cool winds in the later part of the day makes this season wonderful.

But most often in summers we face a problem that is DEHYDRATION, due to excess heat, temperature and humidity our body tends to lose lot of water in daily basis and at this point if we fail to drink the required amount of water then we face Dehydration.

In one hand as nature creates such a problematic situation similarly on the other hand nature itself has even given way outs to deal with the same. Already I have mentioned about the wide range of availability of fruits and vegetables in summer and among them consuming many such fruits and vegetables help in increasing the water and glucose content of our body and keeps us fresh and energetic.

Fruits such as cucumber, watermelon, litchi, pulpy green coconut have a great water content and keeps us cool in summers, talking of summer fruits we also have the king of all fruits that is mango which helps in dealing with the heat with its potassium and magnesium content.

In the vegetable segment we have gourd, bitter gourd, okra, pumpkin keeps us cool in the hot summer days and lets us enjoy the season.

[Anushree Ray]

In order to sustain life, we all require food; we are well aware that food is the fuel which provides us with the energy to carry on with every thing we do on a regular basis. Food consists of nutrients which gets into our body through the complex process of digestion. Nutrients are the substances which provides nourishments essential for the maintenance of life and for growth.

We intake bites of food and chew them to make it finer with the saliva, once this paste goes through the esophagus and stomach and gets exposed and reacts with various enzymes it comes down finally to absorbable nutrients. These nutrients through blood are passed on to the whole body which again provides us with the required immunity and energy.

Nutrients are basically classified into:

1. Carbohydrates: It is basically sugar and starches are found in food such as rice, grains such as wheat, bajra etc.

2. Protein: It helps in developing the brain and in building muscle, It is generally found in food items such as egg, fish, meat, milk etc.

3. Fats: This nutrient is necessary but at the same time excess consumption can lead to obesity. Fats are found in food items such as ghee, butter, oil, cheese etc.

4. Vitamin: There are various types of vitamins present, they help in immunizing a body, vitamin is found in fruits and vegetables.

5. Minerals: Minerals are complementary to vitamins are found in water, fruits and vegetables.

All the nutrients that in in the right amount is very much necessary, deficiency of these nutrients causes various disease and obstructs a healthy life.

[Anushree Ray]

Education is a basic necessity just like food and water and should be accessible to very one, but very often we see that especially in India that the key to access education is biased on gender. Male students are given the right to education while the females are denied from such a basic right. This discrimination gives a huge adverse effect and a negative impact on the society. It also reduces the amount of respect and the ability of logical reasoning in girls. From the very beginning girls are treated as unequal and inferior. Lack of education in girls since a very early period has resulted in many evil social practices like sati daha and dowry.

Lack of education in girls forces them to believe in superstitions and make them take wrong decisions and exploits them in every step of life. So, it is of utter importance that girls should also get educated and treated equally in the society. Education gives the power to differentiate between what is right and what is wrong, it also provides the faith to believe in one own self and live with dignity. Uneducated people are often fooled and taken advantage in wrong means.

The government had already taken many steps in order to educate girls, given special facilities and helped them to come out of this vicious cycle. Now it’s our turn to literally implement these laws and get each and every girl educated. And education is the only path which and bring success and glory to one’s life.

[Anushree Ray]

The invention of mobile phones is one of the greatest inventions of mankind till date. In today’s date mobiles have become a necessity with the ever-growing technology. Mobile phones with the help of internet services have opened a huge window for gaining knowledge in whichever domain a person wants, which helps in the development of mankind. Science and technology have always been a boon as well as a curse the same follows for mobile phones. Mobile phones have their utility in everything in today’s world such as:

1. Used for studying by students.

2. For getting attached to the world through social media platforms.

3. Watching any shows or news.

4. Doing online shopping.

5. Working

6. Management

7. Sending or tracking locations

8. Doing leisure activities and whatnot.

With the ever-growing technology it has helped the mankind to grow to a great extend but as every thing has its own advantage and disadvantage so does mobiles, the disadvantages or the negative impact of mobiles are:

1. They reduce concentration power and makes people impatient.

2. Overuse of mobiles can lead to various severe eyesight problem which may even lead to some critical disorders.

3. Children as well as grown up adults are very easily addicted to mobiles for leisure and this goes to a next level and they demand using it continuously.

So, mobile phones are actually a blessing in disguise if you are able to use it in the right manner you will be a winner but at the same time if you go in the wrong path, it is even capable of destroying one.

[Anushree Ray]

The world has been facing a pandemic since the end of 2019 under the effect of one of the strongest and most dangerous viruses till date that is covid19. The pandemic is spreading like a wildfire and has affected crores of people world wide and has even taken lives of uncountable. In such a situation where, one sees destruction with wide open eyes to no proper measures to stop it, it becomes difficult for the mankind to stay in proper mental condition and lead a mental and physical healthy life.

The pandemic has not only affected the mankind physically but it even has a great affect on the mental stability of the citizens. Among the various age groups its evident that the most affected are the teenagers who are already known to be impatient, staying home all day with an internal terror with no where to go and nothing to do has left them in an unstable mental state.

Not only the teenagers even the elderly people are facing a lot of mental health issues as they are facing a lot of crisis and insecurities. Amid this lockdown most of the people have lost their jobs and are unable to cope up with their previous lifestyle, also the terror of what will happen next and questions such as when and how this pandemic will come to an end has left people in mental shocks.

With the ever increasing no of cases and the death rate it is really difficult for people to cope and maintain a healthy mind setup, but at the same time it is necessary too.

[Anushree Ray]

The Earth is known as the blue planet, with a huge conserve of water. It is known that 70.8% of the Earth surface is consisted of water but even after that we face water crisis in our everyday life. This is because 97.5% of the available water is salt water which is not suitable for consumption. Salt water is to be treated and needs to be run through a lot of checks which is neither cost efficient nor fully safe for consumption. Among the 2.5% of fresh water available on the surface of the earth only 0.03% is available in the regular liquid form for use, the rest of the water is frozen in the glaciers and ice caps.

In this hour of crisis with this less amount of usable water ever increasing water pollution its high time for conserving water, to make water resources sustainable and save water for the future generations. Also, the ever-growing population accounts for the urge to save water as without water it is impossible to sustain life on earth. Water is necessary for crops to grow which is our basic necessity.

Some basic everyday measure which we should necessarily take to conserve water:

1. Turn off taps when not in use.

2. Use rain water harvesting techniques.

3. Recycle water

4. Use bucket instead of taking a sower

[Anushree Ray]

A chemical reaction which releases energy either in form of heat or light is scientifically termed as exothermic reaction, on the other hand chemical reactions which absorb heat during the due course of reaction is termed as Endothermic reaction.

Respiration is the complete biological process of breathing in of oxygen and giving out of Carbon dioxide. In a deeper level with more biological knowledge, we can define respiration as the process by which living cells use oxygen to breakdown sugar and obtain energy and it is during this course of time that heat is given out as a by product and the chemical process of breathing is termed as an exothermic reaction.

Chemical reaction of respiration:

C6H12O6 + 6O2 → 6CO2 + 6H2O + energy

One glucose molecule reacts with six oxygen molecules to produce six carbon dioxide molecules which is again exhaled through the lungs, six water molecules and energy this complex reaction takes place inside the human body during the process of respiration. Basically, oxidation of glucose takes place to produce a large amount of energy. The energy released in this process is released in form of ATP (Adenosine triphosphate) which can further be used in various cell activity according to the need and eventually provides the body with energy which it requires to stay active.

• This reply was modified 3 years, 10 months ago by  Kidpid.

[Anushree Ray]

In life whenever we deal with tough situations, we develop stress and anxiety. The word STRESS may sound to be a mere word but has deep connections with the mental state of a person. And if the mental state of a person is disturbed then everything goes wrong. Dealing with stress is way tough than one thinks it to be and if a person is stressed for a long time and is not helped by family and friends then it may even lead to serious mental disorders.

But if dealt properly then it is possible to come out of stress and live a free normal life, so next time whenever you feel stressed try following the below mentioned steps:

1. PHYSICAL EXERCISE: Regular physical exercise ensures proper movement and blood circulation in body this further helps in sending more oxygen to the brain which helps a lot to reduce stress.

2. MEDITATION AND YOGA: Practicing to meditate is one of the best ways to deal with tough situations as it helps to calm down your mind and think with a broder conception.

3. DRINKING LOTS OF WATER: Keeping oneself hydrated is very important, be it in stress or not one must consume enough water daily, it helps to get rid of the metabolic wastes and makes us feel refreshed.

4. TALKING: Sharing your thoughts with some close person who understands and supports you is a great remedy to deal with stress, physical contact like good touch, handshakes, hugs help one to let the negativity go.

5. ROUTINE: Following a timetable and not over thinking is an important trick to deal with stress, when a person is jammed with work he/she gets no time to over think and thus takes a step forward to reduce stress.

[Anushree Ray]

Our planet Earth today is facing a number of hazards among them one of the major hazards is GLOBAL WARMING which is a result of the reckless unsustainable development and activities caused by us humans. Global warming is the phenomenon of long-term heating of the Earth’s climate in which the temperature of the earth rises eventually forcing glaciers and ice caps to melt down and bring unavoidable changes in the climate leading to disastrous situations.

Increasing Global warming plays a key role in increasing the death rate of human and extinction of various species of plants and animals. Due to the melting of icecaps the water level in sees and oceans increases resulting in flood.

Its high time for us that we take global warming seriously and adopt measures which will help solving this global crisis, some of the measures which we can take are:

1. We will have to get indulged in planting a greater number of tress, and keep a check on deforestation.

2. Reduce the usage of fossil fuel to generate energy and switch to renewable energy instead.

3. Recycling non-biodegradable wastes will also play a major role in this drive.

4. We also need to switch from petrol and diesel to natural gas and electricity to run vehicles.

5. Reducing the toxicity of environment through dealing with various kinds of pollution will also help.

6. Reducing the emission of greenhouse gasses.

Most importantly we need to spread awareness and let people know about this global concern so that we can together join hands and solve this global crisis.

[Anushree Ray]

Our environment when exposed to some toxic harsh elements gets damaged and this complete process of experiencing the toxicity and getting damaged is scientifically known as pollution. Pollutions are mainly caused by human beings and does degrade our environment to a great extend which further becomes a threat to the mankind. Pollution if not controlled in right time with composite measures can cause infinite damages and bring hazards.

The various kinds of pollution include:

1. AIR POLLUTION:

The smoke released from factories, vehicles, burning fuels, the toxic remains from various machines contaminates the air we breathe. This reduces the percentage of oxygen in air and increases the content of harmful poisonous substances. Which eventually gets inside us and make us suffer from various kinds of lung related problems such as asthma, breathing issues and many more.

2. WATER POLLUTION:

The improper drainage system and the dumping of various industrial, household and mechanical toxic wastes into the water bodies results in causing water pollution. This extremely affects the aquatic life as the water becomes dirty and poisonous due to dumping of waste and further this water reaches us human beings for consumption which if not filter and consumed can cause various health hazards.

3. SOIL POLLUTION:
We human beings sometimes even end up dumping various industrial and household wastes into landfills. But when these wastes contain non-biodegradable substances, it creates a havoc. The soil gets toxic and this even indirectly affects us as we grow our crops and consume those for our nutrients. The toxicity of the soil enters the crops with secondarily enters our bodies and we suffer from diseases.

4. NOISE POLLUTION:

Now a days this is a burning issue, with the growth of technology we are using the superpower of volume and that is affecting us in inverse way. Being exposed to loud sound for long period on a daily basis can lead to various hearing problems.

Its high time that we take measure to control the various pollutions and make earth a healthy planet.

[Anushree Ray]

In chemistry a chemical bond is a lasting attraction between atoms, ions or molecules that enables the formation of chemical compounds. The bond may result from the electrostatic force of attraction between oppositely charged ions as in ionic bonds or through the sharing of electrons as in covalent bonds.

Bonding results in formation of various compounds which help us to study various elements and their usage, helps in composing drugs and in carrying out other research works.

Basically, in Chemistry there are four kinds of bonds namely:

i. Ionic bond

ii. Covalent bond

iii. Hydrogen bonds

iv. Van der Waals interactions bond

Here we will talk in detail about covalent bonds:

A covalent bond is a chemical bond that involves the sharing of electron pairs between atoms. These electron pairs are known as shared pairs or bonding pairs, and the stable balance of attractive and repulsive forces between atoms, when they share electrons, is known as covalent bonding.

In the periodic family the element Carbon is evident forming most of the covalent bonds this is because some specific properties of carbon that is:

1. Because of its small size it enables the nucleus to hold on to the shared pair of electrons strongly.

2. Due to its property of catenation.

Some properties of covalent compound include:

· The melting and the boiling points of covalent compounds are generally low.

· Covalent compounds are insoluble in water but soluble in organic solvents.

· Covalent compounds do not conduct electricity.

Examples of covalent bonding includes:

Methane (CH₄), Carbon Monoxide (CO), and Iodine Monobromide (IBr).

[Anushree Ray]

Plastic is an element which we human being use at every instance of our life. We can define plastic as a synthetic material made from a wide range of organic polymers such as polyethylene, PVC, nylon, etc., that can be moulded into shape while soft, and then set into a rigid or slightly elastic form. It is used to wrap every other thing starting from edibles to disposing materials. Some major uses of plastic are seen in manufacturing plastic bag, plastic bottles, containers, wrappers, furniture outer cover of various machineries. But the plastic polymer is non-biodegradable they can stay up with the soil, water and environment forever causing hazardous environmental pollution.

According to recent surveys the data came about that our country India generates up to 25940 tones of plastic on a daily basis. In today’s day eliminating plastic and its usage completely from our lives is nearly impossible. But on the other hand, it is extremely important that we keep a note on reducing the use of plastic and simultaneously also engage in recycling plastic.

The 3r’s strategy works wonderfully in reducing the consumption of plastic the 3R’s signify (REDUCE, REFUSE AND RECYCLE)

REDUCE: Reduce the use of plastic wrappers instead use aluminium foil wrap which is also cost efficient.

REFUSE: Carry your own jute or cloth bag and refuse plastic polyethene at stores this will help at a broader extent.

RECYCLE: recycle and encourage to recycle as much plastic as possible this measure will ensure that there are less waste dumping and also the used plastic waste can serve us in our needs.

Reducing the use of plastic is extremely necessary for us as well as our future generations to live a healthy life on earth without any hazard.

[Anushree Ray]

Mathematics is a subject of great interest and seamlessly attracts students towards it through the various enlightening techniques and solutions. But most of the students end up in the middle the reason being they are not able to solve problems and boil down to exact answer.

Mathematics is a broad diversity and is applied into many subjects including Physics, Chemistry, Economics, Accountancy, Business studies, sometimes even in Geography and political science to calculate various outcomes. Being a subject, which influences so many it becomes very important to know how to deal with it.

If we dig a bit deeper, we will come across the fact that it is not knowledge and the mental ability which makes a perfect scholar mathematician, one key concept with most of us ignore turns out to be the fact determining one’s success with the subject Mathematics that is PRACTISE. Apart from memorizing different formulas and gaining the knowledge of how to actually use them one requires rigorous practice in this field. With more and more practice you will find it hard to believe that the

most difficult problems that cross your path do not look formidable

at all!!

Some basic tips and tricks to brush up the inner mathematician in you:

I. The ice breaking challenge is to read the problem thoroughly and understand the facts said in the problem.

II. Short down the problem statement

III. Think and apply any formula if required to simplify the problem or solve it

IV. Keep a minute check through out to avoid calculation mistakes

Mathematic does not have any one particular methodology the trick is to go with the question and practice the maximum.

[Anushree Ray]

All living being in order to sustain life requires food. We human beings get our food directly or indirectly from plants. But the green plants in order to stay alive make their own food, the scientific process by which plants prepare their food is termed as PHOTOSYNTHESIS. The word “photo” means light and the word “synthesis” means putting together. Photosynthesis is a process by which phototrophs convert light energy into chemical energy, which is later used to fuel cellular activities.

The plant cells prepare their own food and for this process they primarily require some inorganic raw materials:

I. Carbon dioxide (CO₂)

II. Water (H₂O)

III. Sunlight

IV. Chlorophyll

Ø Plants absorb water from the soil through the roots, they intake the carbon dioxide from the environment through the stomatal pores present in the leaves.

Ø These stomatal pores are surrounded by a pair of guard cells and helps in releasing the oxygen which is produced during photosynthesis.

Ø With the help of Carbon dioxide and water in presence of the green pigment named chlorophyll in their leaves and sunlight the plants produce carbohydrates, which from the leaves are then transported into each and every part of the plant. The extra carbohydrates are stored in the form of starch which in future yields fruits.

The process of photosynthesis is commonly written as: 6CO2 + 6H₂O → C₆H₁₂O₆ + 6O₂. This means that the reactants, six carbon dioxide molecules and six water molecules, are converted by light energy captured by chlorophyll (implied by the arrow) into a sugar molecule and six oxygen molecules, the products.